Pressure/Flow
If the diameter of a pipe in a fluid system decreases, the pressure of the fluid will do this.
What is decrease?
Valve used to make relatively fine adjustments in the rate of fluid flow
What is a needle valve?
Designed to cool a process stream on the tube side and use the heat removed from the process to boil water on the shell side
What is a waste heat boiler?
Proportional to speed or impeller diameter
What is pump capacity?
Three things that have the greatest effect on heat transfer
What are temperature difference, surface area, and flow rate?
Moving a control valve from 70% to 50% open will have this effect on pressure across a control valve
What is increased pressure drop?
Retains steam in the tracing for heating the process and releases steam condensate, air and non-condensable gases
What is a steam trap?
Blocked tubes, deposits and corrosion
What are results of fouling?
Centrifugal pump head decreases as pump capacity (or flow rate)
What is increases?
Fluctuation in flow; erratic discharge pressure; higher than normal vibration levels; noise similar to pumping stones
What are indicators of cavitation?
If the diameter of a pipe in a fluid system decreases, the velocity of the fluid will do this.
What is increase?
Valve that automatically prevents any significant flow reversal
What is a check valve?
Type of exchanger that has a stationary tube sheet at the channel end and a floating tube sheet at the rear end
What is a floating head exchanger?
This type of pump cannot be operated with the discharge valve shut
What is a positive displacement pump?
Pressure spike that travels at the speed of sound along the length of the piping; liquid flowing through a line stops suddenly; sudden spike in pressure that can be of high magnitude and short duration
What is piping surge?
Moving a control valve from 70% to 50% open will have this effect on flow across a control valve
What is less flow?
Ball float rises and lowers with condensate level opening and closing the valve
What is a mechanical steam trap?
Designed to convert a vapor stream into a liquid
What is a condenser?
In a centrifugal pump, this whirls the liquid in a circular motion to add energy to the fluid
What is an impeller?
What piece of equipment is designed to withstand operating conditions, type of process, and regeneration conditions?
What are reactors?
Done to ensure open flow path for proper function of pressure relief valve
What is car seal PRV inlet and outlet valves open?
Must be removed from piping system during flushing and hydrotesting; installed so indicators are readable from normal personnel access paths; not located neat hot surfaces unless thermal shielding is used; may be mounted above grade if a platform for access is provided
What is a control valve?
The transfer of heat from the surface of a heat exchanger tube to the fluid flowing around the tube
What is convection?
This is where the liquid enters the impeller of a centrifugal pump
What is the eye?
Close low point drains after system is at normal temperature and pressure; drain condensate from piping or systems to be commissioned; allow system to slowly warm up; ensure all steam traps on system are commissioned and operating
What are steps used to prevent liquid/water hammer?