Normal Vital Signs
Normal MM color / hydration status for bovine
What is pink / moist?
Herbivore with a four-chambered stomach
What is a ruminant?
An instrument used to auscultate
What is a stethoscope?
Hard, leathery pad of gum tissue that replaces upper incisors and canine teeth in bovine
What is a dental pad?
Aspects of lymph nodes that should be noted during an exam
What is size, consistency, drainage, tenderness, shape, and location of the lymph node?
Normal heartrate for bovine
What is 40 - 80bpm (50-70bpm)?
The four chambers of the stomach from beginning to end
The normal sounds produced by the heart
What is LUB DUP?
Different types of projections located in the mouth of ruminants that help move food and aid in digestion
What are papillae?
Lymph node that is located subcutaneously on the medial aspect of the angle of the mandible
What is the submandibular lymph node?
Normal respiration rate for bovine
What is 10 - 30rpm (15 - 35rpm)?
Indention on animal's left side of the abdomen where rumen contractions can be palpated
What is the paralumbar fossa?
Abnormal sounds heard from lungs
What are crackles, wheezes, or absence of sounds?
A change in vital signs that would indicate a cow is stressed out in the chutes
What is pyrexia, tachypnea, and/or tachycardia?
Lymph node that is medial to the shoulder joint ; embedded in subcutaneous fat and under a layer of muscle
What is the prescapular lymph node?
Normal body temperature for bovine
What is 100.4 - 103.1 degrees Fahrenheit?
The "true stomach" of the bovine
Absence of sounds or reduced sounds upon auscultation of the GI system
What is hypomotility?
A blood vessel that runs along the ventral aspect of the tail - a pulse point
What is the coccygeal artery?
Lymph node located on the dorso-caudal aspect of the udder in cows
What is the supramammary lymph node?
Normal CRT for bovine
What is <2 seconds?
A pinging noise is auscultated after percussion on the left side of the bovine's abdomen
What is Left Displaced Abomasum (LDA)?
What are the tricuspid and bicuspid (AV) valves?
Normal rate of rumen contractions over a two-minute period
What is 2 - 3 contractions?
Lymph node located dorso-medial to the stifle, approximately 5 inches above the patella
What is the prefemoral lymph node?