First Aid (Tenderfoot)
How do you treat a simple cut or scrape?
Treat by cleaning with soap and water, and then apply antibiotic ointment and cover with a bandage.
If someone gets hurt, the other person can get help. Sometimes it's better to have groups of 4, as one person stays behind and the other two get help together.
How do you treat the bite of a warm-blooded animal?
Basically treat it like any other open wound.
How do you treat a first degree burn?
Put cool water on burn, not ice. Protect the skin from further exposure to the sun.
What are some hazards you might encounter on your hike? How do you avoid them?
Responses vary.
How do you treat a second degree burn?
Cool the area with damp cloths, then cover with a gauze pad. Do not apply ointments.
How do you treat a blister?
Cover with moleskin slightly larger than the affected area.
How do you find directions during the day and at night without the use of an electronic device?
During the day, use the sun as it moves from east to west. During the night use the moon in a similar way or use the North Star.
How do you treat puncture wounds?
Do not flush the area with water. Use soap and water and apply a bandage, but get victim to medical care asap. If object is imbedded, do not try to remove.
How do you treat a venomous snakebite?
Wash the wound site like any open wound, and loosely splint if it's on an extremity. Call 911 and attempt to get the victim to help.
What are the rules of safe hiking, cross-country and highway?
Watch where you place your feet, avoid stepping on vegetation, stay in single file, use bridges to cross streams, etc.
How do you treat dehydration, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke?
Dehydration: Drink before you feel thirsty on hot days, get to air-conditioned location.
Heat Exhaustion: Lie in cool, shady place with feet raised. Apply wet clothes and fan. If they are alert, give them water.
Heat Stroke: Find shady or air-conditioned location. Wet clothes and fan. Wrap ice packs in cloth and apply or put victim in shallow pool of cool water. Never give fluids to an unconscious person.
How do you treat:
Nosebleed
Frostbite
Sunburn
Choking
Nosebleed: Lean forward, pinch firmly high on the nose and apply pressure on the upper lip, just below the nose.
Frostbite: Wrap in blankets, place in warm water
Sunburn: Apply cool, damp cloths and protect the skin from further sun damage
Choking: Encourage to cough and Heimlich Maneuver
What do you do if you become lost on a hike or campout?
Stay Calm: Stay where you are
Think: Try to remember how you got there
Observe: Look for footprints or landmarks that could show you your location
Plan: If you are convinced that you know which way to go to get back on track, move forward, creating landmarks if you need to backtrack.
How do you treat hypothermia, hyperventilation, and shock?
Hypothermia: Wrap in warm clothes and have them drink warm liquids, in a shelter.
Hyperventilation: Try to calm victim and have them through pursed lips or with one nostril closed (to lower amount of oxygen).
Shock: Keep reassuring the victim that you are there, even if they appear to be unconscious. Check airways and body for serious wounds. Help them lie down if they can, and try to keep them warm or cool depending on temperature of surroundings.