Epidemiology
Ice cream sales and shark attacks both increase during the summer. This variable helps explain the observed association.
Summer
The Tuskegee Study is most famously know for:
Using unethical study practices and lying to study participants
Minimum wage laws designed to ensure a basic standard of living are examples of this public health principle.
Social Justice
A representative sample is a sample that is similar to the defined population for a particular study (True/False)
True
Professionalism and trust, justice and equity, and inclusivity and engagement are examples of these.
core ethical principles of public health
What is the measure of association that is used in descriptive cross-sectional study designs?
Prevalence
This occurs when vaccination of this group provides protection to unvaccinated individuals.
Herd immunity
This level of prevention aims to stop a disease before it starts and includes activities such as immunizations, smoking prevention programs, and promoting physical activity.
Primary Prevention
What is the process which subjects are assigned to study groups in a randomized controlled trial?
Randomization
Contrary to popular belief, this degree is not required to work as a public health practitioner
A master's degree
Are cohort studies ideal for rare exposures OR rare diseases?
Rare exposure
These two federal agencies are primarily responsible for occupational health and worker safety in the United States.
OSHA
NIOSH
The authority to quarantine individuals during an outbreak comes from these powers of state government.
The state's police powers
False
A nonprofit organization may be considered part of the public health system if it contributes to delivering these services.
Essential Public Health Services
This type of study describes the Penn State survey of counseling center clients because researchers collected information at one point in time without assigning treatments.
This pandemic killed more than 20 million people worldwide between 1918 and 1919.
Spanish Flu
Studies show that states adopting Medicaid expansion experienced improvements in this self-reported outcome.
Health status (self-reported health)
A good diagnostic test should have high values for both of these measures.
Sensitivity and specificity
This nutrition assistance program may be administered through health departments, nonprofit organizations, and hospitals.
What is WIC (Women, Infants, and Children)
Risk ratios should only be used in prospective studies, while odds ratios can be used regardless of the study design (True/False)
False
Monitor health status to identify community health problems is an Essential Public Health Service associated with this core function.
Assessment
Strengthening, supporting, and mobilizing communities and partnerships to improve health is part of this core function of public health.
Policy development
If you keep the confidence level (e.g., 95%) the same, but increase the sample size from 10 to 100, what happens to the margin of error?
It gets smaller
New public health professionals should possess these two foundational skills in addition to understanding the breadth of public health.
communication skills
collaboration/community engagement skills