A measure of the nutrients provided by a food relative to its calorie content
Nutrient density
As intake rises above the UL, the likelihood of _____ increases
toxicity
Provides 9 kcal per gram
Lipids
Provides 4 kcal per gram
Carbohydrate
Class of nutrients for vitamins and minerals
Micronutrients
Substances found in plant foods that are not essential nutrients but may have health-promoting properties
Phytochemicals
Three reasons for the Dietary Reference Intakes and DRIs vary based on these three factors
1) the standards are designed to prevent nutrient deficiency.
2) the standards are designed to reduce the risk of chronic disease.
3) they can be used to determine if a person's diet provides adequate amounts of the essential nutrients.
Factors: age, gender, lifestyle stage
Most abundant in solid animal fats and are associated with an increased risk of heart disease
Saturated fats
______________ is the storage form of glucose in mammals.
Glycogen
Foods with added nutrients; examples: orange juice with calcium added
Designer foods or nutraceuticals
Foods that have health promoting properties beyond their nutrients
Functional foods
The Recommend Dietary Allowance (RDA) is set so that ______ of the population meets its health needs.
97%
The lipid that makes up most of the lipids in our body
Triglyceride
_____ cannot be digested by human digestive enzymes.
Fiber
Provides 7 kcal per gram
Alcohol
Studies that explore the health effects of altering people’s diets
Clinical trials/Experimental study
This nutrient intake recommendation is used as a goal when a Recommended Dietary Allowance does not exist
Adequate Intake
On the food label, a %DV is NOT required for __________ fats.
monounsaturated
The main function of carbohydrates in the body is to:
provide energy
Proposed explanation for an observation or a scientific problem that can be tested through experimentation
Hypothesis
All of these (nine) determine food choices
The energy recommendation that describes the proportions of calories that should come from carbohydrate, fat, and protein.
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDRs)
__________ is needed in the body to make vitamin D, bile acids, and cortisol
Cholesterol
True/False: Some foods made with refined grains can contain more of some nutrients and less of others than foods made from whole grains.
True
According to the AMDR, the majority of calories you eat should come from this macronutrient
Carbohydrate