Week 8: Motivation
What is the difference between primary and secondary drives?
Primary drives = biological requirements (food, water etc)
Secondary drives = learned requirements (money)
What are the basic emotions?
Fear
Anger
Disgust
Sadness
Happiness
What are healthy behaviour patterns?
Eating healthy
Exercise
Sleep routine
What edition of the DSM are we up to?
5th edition
What can predict someone's recovery from a stroke?
- severity and location of stroke
- quality and speed of intervention
What is at the top of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
Self-actualisation: Maximising one’s potential of learning and achieving life goals without caring about the external rewards associated
What is the difference between emotions and mood?
Emotions - usually temporary (directed by a source)
Mood - generally longer lasting (sometimes less intense)
What is an example of a psychological stressor?
- Catastrophic event
- Life changing situation
- Chronic problems
- Daily hassles
What is agoraphobia?
What are some neuropsychological assessments?
- psychometric tests
- medical history/ tests
- clinical interviews
- psychosocial history
What is the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?
Intrinsic = doing something because it's personally rewarding
Extrinsic = doing something to earn a reward or avoid a punishment
What is a learned emotion?
Shame, embarrassment, jealousy
What moderates stress? I.e., what are factors that might determine someone's vulnerability to deal with a stressor?
Cognitive resources: Impact depends on how stressors are perceived
Therapy: Impact can depend on whether one has learnt how to deal with their stressors
Social support: Emotional, practical, or informational support - important to know that others care and will help
Predicability: If people can exert some control over stressors, they usually have less impact
What are some problems with the DSM?
- Same symptoms can be seen in different disorders
- Do not capture the uniqueness of a person
- Possibility of bias in diagnosis (over diagnosing if already familiar with a disorder)
- Insufficient attention to sociocultural variables
- Labelling can be dehumanising
What neurotransmitter is Parkinson's disease associated with?
What is a social / cultural influence that leads to obesity?
- Big portion sizes
- Less physical activity
- Learnt food behaviour from childhood
- Type of food being consumed
Taxonomy of emotions: what is a pleasant emotion with low arousal?
Happiness
What is ruminative thinking?
A cognitive response to stress - occurs when you can't stop thinking about something
What type of psychologists use therapy to help promote insight so clients make their own life choices and resolve their own dilemma?. They believe in helping people grow in self-awareness and self-acceptance.
Humanistic psychologists
What is prosopagnosia?
The inability to recognise faces
What part of the brain drives hunger?
Hypothalamus - regulates autonomic functions (so we don't have to)
What sequence are emotions processed with the James-Lange theory?
Stimulus > physiology > emotion is felt
How is the nervous system, immune system and stress related?
Stress activates the sympathetic nervous system - the longer you are stressed (chronic stress) the longer your body will be trapped in the sympathetic state. Eventually, this compromises your immune system
What is the diathesis-stress model?
Suggests that we are predisposed to disorders - and they become activated when we face sufficient amounts of stress
What neurotransmitter is Alzheimer's disease associated with?
Deficit of acetylcholine
- Essential for processing memory and learning,