Phineas Gage
Frontal Lobe
Behavioral Neuroscience
Other Famous Patients
Miscellaneous
100
While working as a ______, Phineas Gage suffered a traumatic injury to his frontal lobe
What is a railroad construction foreman
100
The damage caused by the accident to Gage was roughly equivalent to _________
What is a frontal lobotomy
100
Behavioral neuroscience is _______
What is the study of how the nervous system mediates behavioral effects (i.e. motivation, perception, learning and memory)
100
The inability to form new memories after a traumatic event that causes amnesia
What is anterograde amnesia
100
The 1.1 meter-long rod named for its use packing powder into explosive-packed holes that caused Gage's injury
What is a tamping rod
200
The rod entered through which side of Gage's face?
What is the left side
200
Damage to this side of the cerebrum is likely to result in depressive symptoms.
What is the left side
200
The outermost layer of the brain of humans and other mammals
What is the cerebral cortex
200
Patient H.M. had bilateral medial temporal lobectomy in an attempt to cure his epilepsy. This resulted in ____
What is an inability to commit new events to his explicit memory
200
The different between white matter and gray matter
What is white matter is made of axons and dendrites and gray matter is made of neurons
300
What kind of personality change did Gage have after the injury?
What is kind and happy to rude, negative, and aggressive
300
The primary function of the prefrontal cortex is the organization of ______
What is behavior
300
Percentage of brain used in daily activities
What is 100%
300
Paul Broca’s first patient was nicknamed ___ because it was the only word he could produce
What is "Tan"
300
The approximate time your brain can lose blood before you lose consciousness
What is 8-10 seconds
400
Gage lived for ___ years after the accident
What is twelve
400
Other important functions of the prefrontal cortex are:
What are inhibitory control, motor attention, and short-term memory
400
The most important assumption made in behavioral neuroscience
What is the assumption that biological and behavioral similarities exist across species
400
Paul Broca's work with patients Leborgne and Lelong helped pioneer what theory?
What is the localization of function theory
400
The word brain appears ____ times in the plays of William Shakespeare
What is 66
500
After the accident, the unhappy Gage is said to have appeared in this entertainment show
What is Barnum's Circus
500
The frontal lobe is required for what specific function associated with language?
What is fluency and ease of speaking
500
A classic method in which a brain-region of interest is naturally or intentionally destroyed to observe any resulting changes such as degraded or enhanced performance on some behavioral measure.
What is a lesion
500
Clive Wearing, another famous patient with amnesia, can still play the piano. However, after he stops playing, he experiences spasmodic shaking. This is a result of _______ being sent to neurostructures that no longer exist
What are action potentials
500
The _____ were responsible for the first written account of the brain and its anatomy
What are the Egyptians
M
e
n
u