Neuroanatomy
This lobe is primarily responsible for vision.
What is the occipital lobe?
The gap between two neurons where neurotransmitters are released.
What is the synaptic cleft?
This neurodegenerative disease is characterized by beta-amyloid plaques and tau tangles.
What is Alzheimer’s disease?
This noninvasive imaging technique measures blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signals.
What is fMRI?
This supportive glial cell forms the myelin sheath around axons in the central nervous system.
What is an oligodendrocyte?
This structure connects the two cerebral hemispheres.
What is the corpus callosum?
This phase of the action potential involves potassium leaving the cell.
What is repolarization?
This movement disorder is caused by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra.
What is Parkinson’s disease?
This technique records electrical activity from the scalp.
What is EEG?
This neurotransmitter is most associated with reward, motivation, and reinforcement learning.
What is dopamine?
This brain structure is critical for forming new episodic memories.
What is the Hippocampus?
The rapid depolarization of a neuron is primarily caused by the influx of this ion.
What is Na+ (sodium)?
This autoimmune neurological disorder involves immune-mediated destruction of myelin in the central nervous system.
What is multiple sclerosis (MS)?
This staining technique allowed visualization of entire neurons and was used by Ramón y Cajal.
What is Golgi staining?
This neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction to trigger muscle contraction.
What is acetycholine?
This part of the brain regulates breathing and heart rate.
What is the medulla oblongata?
This neurotransmitter is primarily inhibitory in the spinal cord.
What is Glycine?
Loss of speech production after left frontal lobe damage is known as this type of aphasia.
What is Broca’s aphasia?
This tool uses light-sensitive ion channels to control neurons with light.
What is optogenetics?
This process strengthens synaptic connections and is considered a cellular basis of learning and memory.
What is long-term potentiation?
This deep gray matter structure relays sensory information (except smell) to the cortex.
What is the thalamus?
The rule stating that neurons fire at full strength or not at all.
What is the all-or-nothing principle?
This psychiatric disorder is associated with dopamine dysregulation and may involve hallucinations and delusions.
What is schizophrenia?
This technique allows researchers to selectively silence or activate specific genes in mice.
What is a knockout model (or transgenic model)?
This neuroimaging technique measures magnetic fields produced by neuronal electrical activity and offers excellent temporal resolution.
What is magnetoencephalography (MEG)?