Nervous System
What does CNS stand for?
Central Nervous System
Which lobe processes visual information?
Occipital lobe
Which neurotransmitter is linked to reward and movement?
Dopamine
Which imaging technique shows brain structure?
MRI
Which disease involves dopamine depletion?
Parkinson’s disease
Name the two main parts of the CNS
Brain and spinal cord
Which lobe is responsible for reasoning and planning?
Frontal lobe
Which neurotransmitter is inhibitory and calms neural activity?
GABA
Which imaging technique measures electrical activity?
EEG
Which disease involves acetylcholine decline?
Alzheimer’s disease
Which division of the nervous system controls voluntary movement?
Somatic nervous system
Where is the primary motor cortex located?
Frontal lobe
Which neurotransmitter is linked to memory and learning?
Acetylcholine
Which imaging technique shows function using glucose?
PET scan
Name one motor symptom of Parkinson’s disease.
Tremor or bradykinesia
Which branch of the autonomic system prepares the body for fight or flight?
Sympathetic nervous system
Which area controls speech production?
Broca’s area
Which neurotransmitter imbalance is associated with anxiety?
Low GABA
Which imaging technique shows function using oxygen?
fMRI
Name one cognitive symptom of Alzheimer’s disease.
Memory loss or confusion
Explain the difference between monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflex arcs.
Monosynaptic involves one synapse (e.g., knee-jerk reflex); polysynaptic involves multiple synapses and interneurons.
Describe the role of the corpus callosum.
Connects the two hemispheres and allows communication between them.
Explain the difference between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters.
Excitatory increase the likelihood of a neuron firing (e.g., glutamate); inhibitory decrease it (e.g., GABA).
Compare MRI and fMRI in terms of what they measure.
MRI shows structure; fMRI shows function by measuring blood oxygen levels.
Explain how Levodopa works in Parkinson’s treatment.
It is converted into dopamine in the brain to improve motor function.