Lobes
This lobe is found at the anterior portion of the head and is larger in humans than in smaller mammals like cats and dogs.
Frontal Lobe
The cerebrum provides __________________ brain functions.
Higher
Area of the brain that controls and directs movement.
Motor areas
This brain region is the largest part of the brain.
Cerebrum
What are basal nuclei?
Masses of grey matter deep within each hemisphere; produce dopamine and interact with other brain areas
Contains the primary visual cortex.
Occipital Lobe
What is the cerebral cortex?
Outermost part of the cerebrum
Areas of the brain that analyze and interpret sensory experiences, and oversees memory, reasoning, verbalizing, judgement, and emotion.
Association areas
This brain region is known as the "little brain".
Cerebellum
Non-dominant hemispheres specialize in ______________ functions.
Primary auditory processing center
Temporal Lobe
What tissue is the bulk of the cerebrum made from?
White matter
Areas of the brain that interpret impulses from sensory receptors and produce feelings/sensations.
Sensory areas
This brain region, one of the 4 main brain regions, helps process sensory information.
Diencephalon
Where do traits like intelligence and personality arise in the brain?
Insula and Basal Nuclei
Has the gyrus responsible for processing skin sensations, located in its anterior portion.
Parietal
Where is smell processed in the cerebrum?
Olfactory bulbs are found at the inferior portion of the frontal lobe, but smell is processed deep within the cerebrum.
Where are the primary motor and primary somatosensory areas located?
Primary motor area is located in the posterior portion of the frontal lobe, anterior to the central sulcus. Primary somatosensory area is located in the anterior portion of the parietal lobe, posterior to the central sulcus.
Which brain region is responsible for carrying out visceral activities?
Brainstem
What does it mean, in terms of synapse connections, to have learned something?
Learning means that new synaptic connections are formed.
How do the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes work together to enable a coordinated response to a complex stimulus, such as recognizing a familiar face and recalling associated memories?
The occipital lobe processes visual information to recognize the face. The temporal lobe accesses and retrieves memory of the face and associated experiences. The parietal lobe integrates this sensory information with spatial awareness. The frontal lobe evaluates the situation, makes decisions, and plans actions based on the recognized face and recalled memories.
Explain the theory, discussed in class, that explains why the primary visual cortex is located in the occipital lobe.
Evolution and the primal animal brain. Vision was likely beneficial because it allows for a lot of information to be processed very quickly, and greatly increases chances of survival. Thus, it would be a vital sense for survival. This coupled with the fact that some visual cues would require quick action from the cerebellum and spinal cord, helps explain why the primary visual cortex developed in humans.
Describe how the motor, sensory, and association areas of the brain collaborate to process sensory inputs, plan movements, and execute motor actions. Include the roles of each area and their interactions.
Sensory areas process incoming sensory information, such as touch, temperature, and pain, to create a perception of the environment. Association areas integrate this sensory information with past experiences, context, and other inputs to plan appropriate responses. The motor areas then use this integrated information to plan, coordinate, and execute precise motor actions. The sensory areas provide the initial data, the association areas process and interpret it, and the motor areas carry out the necessary movements.
How do the cerebrum, diencephalon, cerebellum, and brainstem work together for voluntary movements and basic life functions?
The cerebrum processes and initiates actions, the cerebellum refines these actions, the diencephalon manages autonomic responses, and the brainstem ensures basic life functions are maintained.
Label the brain diagram located on the white board.
The student will include all of the correct answers on the diagram.