History
In 1934 the first catatonic psychotic patient was successfully treated using this intramuscular injection
What is Camphor
True or False- ECT acts as an anticonvulsant, it affects the cellular mechanisms of memory and mood and raises the seizure threshold
True
This percentage of patients who do not respond to antidepressants may respond positively to ECT
True or False- Unlike ECT TMS does not require the use of anesthesia
True
In what year was the first course of ECT first administered?
What is 1938
ECT is the most effective treatment for patients with these conditions
What are:
1. Treatment resistant psychiatric disorders
2. severe suicidal symptoms
3. Catatonia
1. Elderly
2. Pts with somatization disorder
Anthony Barker
They conducted the first electrical induction of a series of seizures in a catatonic patient and produced a successful response
Who are Lucio Cerletti and Ugo Bini
This law is used to describe the qualities of electricity used in ECT
What is Ohm's Law (E=IR)
True/False - Using ECT with Lithium provides the greatest result in terms of treatment of Manic episodes
False- ECT should not be used with Lithium because lithium can lower the seizure threshold and cause a prolonged seizure
Deep Brain Stimulation can be used to treat all symptoms of which neurological disorder
What is Parkinson's Disease
During this year, the first brief pulse ECT, the prototype for modern devices was developed
What is 1976
In 1988 clinical trials compared ECT to this drug demonstrated they were equally effective in treatment of Mania.
What is Lithium
This electrode placement is most used because of its efficacy and ease of use.
Bifrontotemporal electrode placement
This form of treatment uses an alternating magnetic field that crosses the scalp and calvarium bone to induce a more localized electrical current in targeted regions of the cerebral cortex
Magnetic Seizure Therapy
The first formal report of neurosurgical treatment in psychiatry was published describing bilateral cortical excision in demented and depressed patients in this year.
What is 1891
During induction of a generalized seizure these deep brain structures are not involved
Basal Ganglia and Thalamus
The amount of treatments required on average to treat major depressive disorder
What is 6 to 10
The application of a rapidly changing magnetic field to the superficial layers of the cerebral cortex which induces small electric currents, also referred to as electrical stimulation without an electrode
Transcranial magnetic stimulation