Chapters 1 & 2
The movement of individuals with special needs from institutional settings to community-based settings
What is deinstitutionalization?
A process that recognizes the roles that students and their families play in identifying meaningful goals and appropriate strategies and services.
What is person centerer planning
Identifying what one wants and learning how to achieve it
Students are given lessons in the same curricular areas as their peers but at varying levels of difficulty
What is multilevel teaching?
When a teacher simultaneously demonstrates, highlights, and verbally explains the process used to solve problems and perform procedural operations
What is think-alouds?
A civil rights act designed to integrate individuals with disabilities into the social and economic mainstream of society
What is the American with Disabilities Act?
When it is necessary to lower the student-teacher ratio in order to teach new material or to renew material previously taught
What is parallel teaching?
Students publicly praising their classmates for engaging in prosocial behaviors
What is positive peer reporting?
A systematic process of sequencing the parts of a task students must perform in order to master the task
What is task analysis?
Variations in testing administration, environment, equipment, technology, and procedures that allow students to access tests and accurately demonstrate their competence, knowledge, and abilities without altering the integrity of the tests
What are testing accommodations?
Composed of professionals and family members, with the student when appropriate, makes important decisions concerning the edu- cation of students
What is Multidisciplinary Team?
A program that mixes students who speak languages other than English with students who speak English
What is dual language program?
Students trained to serve as peer mediators using communication, problem solv- ing, and critical thinking to help students who have conflicts meet face-to-face to discuss and resolve disagreements
What is peer mediation?
What is process feedback?
Students working in collaborative groups take a test, and each student receives the group grade. After the group test, students work individually on a second test that covers similar material.
What is two-tiered testing?
Defined as any item, piece of equipment, or prod- uct system that is used to increase, maintain, or improve the functional capabilities of an individual with a disability
What is assistive technology device?
The social language skills that guide students in develop- ing social relationships and engaging in casual face-to-face conversations
What is basic interpersonal communication skills?
An action is taken or a stimulus is given after a behavior occurs. The action or stimulus increases the rate of the behavior or makes it more likely that the behavior will occur again
What is positive reinforcement?
When Daniel reads slowly and makes numerous oral reading errors, he has difficulty with...
What is reading fluency?
A progress-monitoring strategy that provides individualized, brief direct, and re- peated measures of students’ proficiency and progress across the curriculum
What is curriculum-based assessment?
The presence of students from a specific group in an educational program that is higher or lower than one would expect based on their representation in the general population of students
What is disproportionate representation?
A broad continuum of cognitive and neurodevelopmental conditions
What is Autism spectrum disorder?
A visual representation depicting the relationship between behaviors and their consequences
What is a consequence map?
A collaborative writing strategy designed to create a community of writers by having students write on a daily basis and receive feedback from their peers and teachers
What is writers' workshop?
Provide a visual depiction of important points and concepts as well as the relationships between these points and concepts and can be developed by students
What are semantic maps?