Career Theories
This theory emphasizes six personality types represented by the acronym RIASEC.
What is Holland's Theory?
These assessments measure what people enjoy doing rather than what they can do.
What are interest inventories?
Career counseling should recognize that career barriers are often shaped by this.
What is culture?
A client loves helping others, teaching, and counseling. Their dominant Holland code is most likely this.
What is Social (S)?
Career counselors should obtain this before administering assessments.
What is informed consent?
This theoriest believed self-concept develops across the lifespan and influences career choices.
Who is Donald Super?
RIASEC assessments focus on helping clients identify these before exploring occupations.
What are Holland personality types?
This concept describes how multiple identities interact to influence experiences.
What is intersectionality?
A client enjoys art, creativity, and originality but dislikes structure. Their Holland type is this.
What is Artistic (A)?
Counselors should only use assessments supported by this.
What are reliability and validity?
This theory highlights self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and personal goals.
What is Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT)?
Career assessments should always be interpreted within this broader client context.
What is culture/life context?
Rather than assuming career problems are individual failures, counselors should also examine these.
What are systemic barriers?
A client has low confidence despite strong ability. SCCT would identify this construct as the main concern.
What is self-efficacy?
Sharing assessment results with others without permission violates this ethical principle.
What is confidentiality?
This postmodern theory helps clients author and reconstruct the story of their careers.
What is Career Construction Theory?
The Cognitive Information Processing approach uses this pyramid to organize career decision-making.
What is the Pyramid of Information Processing Domains?
Career counselors should adapt interventions to clients' cultural backgrounds rather than expecting clients to fit traditional career theories.
What is culturally responsive career counseling?
A counselor immediately recommends careers without first understanding the client's values. Which career counseling principle was skipped?
What is assessment/self-understanding?
When working outside one's expertise, counselors should seek this.
What are supervision or consultation?
This theory argues that careers are nonlinear, unpredictable, and influenced by complex systems.
What is Chaos Theory of Careers?
According to CIP, dysfunctional career thoughts interfere with this.
What is effective career decision making?
Traditional career theories have often been criticized for being based primarily on this population.
Who are White, middle-class men?
A client repeatedly says, "I'm just bad at everything." Which career theory would most directly target dysfunctional thinking?
What is the Cognitive Information Processing (CIP) approach?
The ethical decision-making process requires counselors to consider professional codes, client welfare, and this.
What are applicable laws and ethical principles?