Foundations and Fundamentals of Inclusion
Co-Teaching Models
Questioning for Text-Based Materials
Assessments and Grading
Types of Learning Disabilities
100
An integral part of the educational system that involves delivering and monitoring a specially designed and coordinated set of comprehensive, research-based instructional and assessment practices and related services to students with learning, behavioral, emotional, physical, health, or sensory disabilities. These instructional practices and services are tailored to identify and address the individual challenges and strengths of students; to enhance their educational, social, behavioral, and physical development; and to foster equity and access to all aspects of society.
What is Special Education
100
One teacher instructs the whole class while the other teacher circulates to collect information on students' performance or to offer support, redirection, and enrichment to individual students.
What is One teaching/one collecting data/helping
100
Ask about the facts presented in the selection (who, what, where, when, why, and how)
What is Literal Questions
100
The use of assessment strategies during instruction to monitor students’ learning progress and to use this information to make ongoing decisions about teaching effectiveness and ways to improve it.
What is Formative Assessment
100
Difficulties in identifying letters and their sounds, reading rate, listening, vocabulary, and reading comprehension
Reading-based learning disability (dyslexia)
200
An educational philosophy for structuring schools so that all students are educated together in general education classrooms.
What is Inclusion
200
Both teachers teach the same material at the same time to two equal groups of students.
What is Parallel Teaching
200
Related to the written and oral language components of the selection
What is Literacy-based Questions
200
The use of assessments at the end of instruction to assess student mastery of specific content, topics, and concepts and skills taught and to communicate this information to others.
What is Summative Assessment
200
Fluent reading in the early grades (grades 1 to 3) and subsequent struggles in the upper grades as reading comprehension becomes an essential aspect of learning
Late-emerging learning disabilities
300
Written, individualized education program listing the special education and related services students with disabilities will receive to address their unique academic, social, behavioral, communication, functional, and physical strengths and challenges.
What is IEP
300
Both teachers teach different content or review that content or use different learning activities at the same time to two equal groups of students.
What is Station Teaching
300
Cause students to make interpretations about and reflect on the material
What is Inferential Questions
300
Variations in testing administration, environment, equipment, technology, and procedures that allow students to access tests and accurately demonstrate their competence, knowledge, and abilities without altering the integrity of the tests.
What is Testing Accommodations
300
A disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or using spoken or written language that may appear as an impaired ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or do mathematical calculations.
What is Specific Learning Disability
400
An individually based principle that calls for schools to educate students with disabilities as much as possible with their peers who do not have disabilities
What is Least Restrictive Environment
400
One teacher works with a smaller group or individual students while the other teacher works with a larger group.
What is Alternative Teaching
400
Present dilemmas or situations that have no right or wrong answer
What is Ponderable Questions
400
Grading systems that involve giving numeric or letter grades to compare students using the same academic standards.
What is Norm-referenced Grading Systems
400
Difficulties in idea generation, text organization, sentence structure, vocabulary usage, spelling, and grammar
Written expression–based learning disability (dysgraphia)
500
Any item, piece of equipment, or product system—whether bought, modified, or customized—that is used to increase, maintain, or improve the functional capabilities of an individual with a disability.
What is Assistive Technology Device
500
Both teachers plan and teach the lesson together to the whole class and blend their content knowledge, perspective, and instructional, assessment, and management practices.
What is Team Teaching
500
Ask students to incorporate their prior knowledge into information presented in the selection.
What is Elaborative Questions
500
Grading systems that involve reporting on students’ mastery within the curriculum.
What is Criterion-referenced Grading Systems
500
Difficulties in discriminating numbers, symbols, and signs; understanding math terms; learning number facts; performing computations; and solving problems
Mathematics-based learning disability (dyscalculia)
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