BSA First Aid

The First Aid Method

100

Name at least 4 things you should have in your personal first aid kit.

Bandaids, sterile gauze pads, adhesive tape, moleskin, soap, antiseptic, scissors, latex gloves, mouth-barrier device, eye protection, pencil & paper.

200

What is the one thing you should treat every accident victim for?

Shock

300

What 4 questions should you ask yourself when surveying a victim's condition? 

1. Is the person conscious?

2. Is the person breathing? 

3. Is the person't heart beating?

4. Is there severe bleeding?

400

When should you move an accident victim with serious injuries before help arrives?

Yes, if the victim is in immediate danger: for example, out of a river or in the path of a fire.

500

What are 8 steps of the First-Aid Method?

1. Check the Scene 2. Call for Help 3. Approach Safely 4. Provide Urgent Treatment  5. Prevent Further Injury. 6. Treat for Shock.  7. Make a More Thorough Examination.   8. Plan a Course of Action

Hurry Cases

100

What are hurry cases?

Hurry cases require quick action to save the victim's life 

1. Is their spine injured?

2. Are they breathing? Is their heart beating?

3. Is there severe bleeding?

4. Are their signs of poisoning?

200

What is the treatment for a victim who is not breathing? 

Call 911. Place victim on back, clear tongue from airway by pressing on forehead and lifting chin to tilt head back. Check mouth for gum, food, or other obstructions. Remove any obstructions by sweeping them out with your index finger.  Start CPR.

300

Should you perform the Heimlich Maneuver on a choking victim who is coughing?

No. The Heimlich Maneuver (and abdomen thrusts) should only be performed on victims who cannot speak, cough, or breathe.

400

What is the best way to try to stop severe bleeding?

Direct pressure.

500

What are the 5 common signs of heart attack?

1. Persistent, uncomfortable pressure, squeezing, fullness, pain, or burning in center of chest.               2. Unusual Sweating.    3. Nausea.                           4. Shortness of Breath.                                            5. Feeling of Weakness

Animal Bites & Stings

100

True or False: when someone is stung by a bee or wasp, you should squeeze the wound to get the stinger out.

False. Squeezing will force more venom into the skin from the sac attached to the stinger. Use the edge of a knife blade to scrape away the stinger.

200

How do you remove a tick?

Grasp the tick with tweezers close to the skin. Gently pull until it comes loose. Wash the wound carefully with soap and water, and apply antiseptic.

300

What first aid do you apply for NON-POINSONOUS snake bites?

Scrup with soap and water. Apply antiseptic. Non-venomous snakes bites only cause minor puncture wounds.

400

What first aid do you provide for a venomous snakebite?

1. Keep victim calm and wash wound site. Remove rings and other jewelry.     2. Restrict movement by loosely splinting.       3. Call 911.    4. Continue encouraging calmness.     5. Treat for Shock (don't elevate affected limb)

500

Should you apply ice to a venomous snake bite to help stop the swelling?

Do not apply ice to a snakebite. It will not help the injury and can damage the skin and tissue.

Sprains, Splints, & Stretchers

100

How are sprains treated? 

R = Rest

I = Ice

C = Compression

E = Elevation

200

Demonstrate how to wrap an ankle sprain while on a hike. 

See page 142 in Scout Handbook. 

300

What are signs of a broken bone (fracture)? 

D = Deformity

O = Open Wounds

T = Tenderness

S = Swelling

400

Demonstrate a splint on the lower arm.

See Page 145 of Scout Handbook

500

Demonstrate a sling for an injured shoulder.

See pages 147-148 in the Scout Handbook

Cuts & Burns

100

What are First Degree Burns and how are they treated? 

Minor burns, sunburn, scalds = Tender Red Skin

Minor Burns/Scalds: Hold under cold water or apply cool, wet compresses until pain subsides.  DO NOT use ice.  Apply Aloe gel.  Sunburn: apply cool, damp cloths and protect from further exposure

200

What are Second-Degree Burns and how are they treated? 

Partial Thickness Burns = Blisters

run under cool water or apply wet cloths until pain improves. Allow to dry, then cover with sterile gauze

DO NOT use butter, creams, ointment or sprays. DO NOT break blisters

300

What are Third Degree Burns and how are they treated? 

Full-Thickness Burns = Burned or Blackened Flesh

Injured nerves = victim may not feel pain

Call 911. Wrap in a clean, dry cloth and treat for shock. DO NOT try to remove clothing or apply creams, etc.

400

How are cuts treated? 

Wash with soap and water, ask about allergies, if none, apply antibiotic ointment, cover with dry, sterile gauze or adhesive bandage. Clean and re-bandage daily. Watch for signs of infection.

500

How are nosebleeds treated?

Sit down, lean forward, pinch high on the nose just below the bone, and apply pressure to the upper lip, just below the nose.   Apply a cold compress.  

Slowly release pinch after 10 minutes.  If still bleeding, pinch again.  If bleeding continues for 15+ minutes, seek medical attention.