DNA Synthesis
This model of replication describes a process in which the two identical DNA helices produced each contain one new and one old strand of DNA.
What is semi-conservative?
In eukaryotic cells, this is the location of transcription.
What is the nucleus?
This is the type of bond that forms between amino acids to form the primary structure of a protein during translation.
What is a peptide bond?
This is a specific sequence of DNA that carries the instructions to produce all or part of a protein molecule.
What is a gene?
This term describes the strand that is produced by continuous replication.
What is the leading strand?
This is the purpose of transcription.
What is copying a gene?
This organelle performs translation.
What is the ribosome?
The strands of the DNA helix are arranged in this fashion. Hint: Think about the directionality of the strands with regard to 5' and 3' ends.
What is antiparallel?
This enzyme joins Okazaki fragments.
What is DNA ligase?
As transcription occurs, RNA polymerase adds nucleotides to this end of the growing mRNA molecule.
What is the 3' end?
Of the following, this is NOT an important component of translation:
ribosome, mRNA transcript, nucleotides.
What are nucleotides?
DNA replication is an _________ reaction. Hint: Does it require or release energy?
What is exergonic?
DNA polymerase III proofreads as it replicates. However, if it fails to recognize and correct an error, this results.
What is a mutation?
These sequences of nitrogenous bases are considered "interrupters" that do not code for proteins and are removed from the mRNA transcript before it enters translation.
What are introns?
This molecule has an anticodon on one end and an amino acid on the other. Its purpose is to guide the appropriate amino acid into the system based on the codons.
What is tRNA?
These enzymes add amino acids to their respective tRNA molecules.
What are Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases?
This enzyme both opens the DNA double helix and adds ribonucleotides to the 3' end of a growing mRNA molecule.
What is RNA polymerase?
This enzyme extends ends of linear chromosomes to prevent senescence or shortening of the telomeres.
What is telomerase?
The non-template strand contains THIS promoter sequence in eukaryotes:
What is the TATA box?
This process makes available the A-site to a tRNA molecule with an amino acid by moving a tRNA molecules stripped of its amino acid from the P-site to the E-site within the ribosome.
What is translocation?
This codon initiates translation.
What is the AUG codon?
This is the product of translation.
What is a polypeptide?