Scientific Method
Measurements
pH
Enzymes
Osmosis and Diffusion
100
In the steps of the Scientific Method, conclusions are the end result. Is this the end of the scientific process?
No, conclusions are often the observations that restart the scientific method for a new question.
100
What base units in the metric system are used for weight, length, and volume?
weight: grams length: meters volume: liters
100
pH = -log [?]
[H+]
100
Enzymes are usually what type of macromolecule?
protein
100
True/False - Active transport ALWAYS requires energy (ATP).
true
200
This type of statement/hypothesis is composed of a prediction and a reason.
prediction-reason hypothesis
200
Convert this number to scientific notation: 235
2.35 x 102
200
If a solution has a pH of 6, does it ALWAYS act as an acid?
No, all solutions are both acids and bases simultaneously. A pH of 6 will make it MORE acidic than basic, but in the right situation it could act as a base.
200
The chemical that an enzyme acts on is called the ___________. The end result is called the __________.
substrate product
200
Passive transport is movement of molecules from ____ to ____ concentration. Active transport is movement from ____ to ____.
Passive: high to low ("with the gradient") Active: low to high ("against the gradient")
300
This type of hypothesis is a statement of no difference (or no effect.
null hypothesis
300
Convert this number to scientific notation: 0.061
6.1 x 10-2
300
If the pH of a solution is 4, what is the hydrogen ion concentration?
[H+] = 1 x 10-4
300
The substrate(s) bind to the enzyme at the _____________.
active site
300
Simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis are all types of ________________________.
passive transport
400
Is this a correct set of statistical hypotheses? H0: There is no difference in drying time between indoor paint and outdoor paint. Ha: Indoor paint will dry faster than outdoor paint.
No! A set of statistical hypotheses must account for all possibilities. H0: There is no difference in drying time between indoor paint and outdoor paint. Ha: There is a difference in drying time... -OR- H0: There is no difference in drying time between indoor paint and outdoor paint. Ha1: Indoor paint will dry faster than outdoor paint. Ha2: Outdoor paint will dry faster than indoor paint.
400
How many centimeters are in a meter?
100
400
If the [OH-] = 1 x 10-6, what is the pH?
8
400
What happens to an enzyme in environmental conditions too far outside its optimal range?
It denatures (bonds break and it loses its overall structure and functionality).
400
Something that is _____tonic has higher solute concentration than its neighbor. Something that is _____tonic has lower solute concentration than its neighbor. Something that is _____tonic has the same concentration as its neighbor.
hypertonic hypotonic isotonic
500
While an average shows what number your data are closest to, what calculation shows how similar your data are to that average?
standard deviation
500
Yesterday the salinity of an estuary was 3.1 x 10-8. Today it's 2.9 x 10-5. Is the salinity increasing or decreasing?
increasing
500
If the pH of a solution decreases, does the [H+] increase or decrease?
increase pH 6 has [H+] = 1 x 10-6 pH 4 has [H+] = 1 x 10-4 1 x 10-6 is less than 1 x 10-4
500
What type of inhibitor binds to the enzyme's active site? What type of inhibitor binds to another part of the enzyme?
Competitive, non-competitive (allosteric)
500
A blood cell has 1% salt. It is placed into blood plasma that has 5% salt. Describe the tonicity of the cell and the plasma, where water will move, and what will happen to the shape of the cell.
The cell is hypotonic to the plasma. The plasma is therefore hypertonic to the cell. Water will move out of the cell, causing the cell to crenate.
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