Genetics & DNA
This molecule stores the genetic information of most living organisms.
What is DNA?
Bacteria belong to this broad type of cell because they lack a membrane-bound nucleus.
What are prokaryotic cells?
This organ pumps blood throughout the body.
What is the heart?
Name one sampling technique scientists use to study organisms in an ecosystem. (Every group answer)
What is a quadrat, transect, mark-recapture, electrofishing, seine netting, pitfall trap, etc.?
+500 if eDNA was said
This structure forms the boundary between a cell and its environment.
What is the plasma/cell membrane?
This process produces RNA using DNA as a template.
What is transcription?
This rigid structure outside the bacterial cell membrane helps maintain cell shape and prevent bursting.
What is the cell wall?
These specialized cells transmit electrical and chemical signals throughout the nervous system.
What are neurons?
The role an organism plays within its ecosystem, including how it uses resources and interacts with other organisms.
What is an ecological niche?
This organelle produces most of the ATP in eukaryotic cells.
What is the mitochondrion?
During DNA replication, this enzyme separates the two strands of the double helix.
What is helicase?
This molecule forms a major structural component of most bacterial cell walls.
What is peptidoglycan?
The small gap across which one neuron communicates with another cell is called this.
What is the synapse?
This term describes the maximum population size an environment can sustainably support.
What is carrying capacity?
These cellular structures translate mRNA into proteins.
What are ribosomes?
These short DNA sequences are synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication.
What are Okazaki fragments?
Gram-negative bacteria possess this additional membrane outside their thin peptidoglycan layer.
What is the outer membrane?
During an action potential, the rapid influx of this ion causes membrane depolarization.
(Think of the pump)
What is sodium (Na⁺)?
This type of species has a disproportionately large effect on its ecosystem relative to its abundance.
What is a keystone species?
This organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins received from the endoplasmic reticulum.
What is the Golgi apparatus?
500: A change in a single nucleotide of a DNA sequence is known as this type of mutation.
What is a point mutation?
This molecule found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria can trigger a strong immune response and is also called endotoxin.
What is lipopolysaccharide (LPS)?
This period immediately following an action potential prevents a neuron from firing another action potential, regardless of stimulus strength.
What is the absolute refractory period?
This ecological principle states that two species competing for exactly the same limiting resources cannot coexist indefinitely.
What is the competitive exclusion principle?
These cytoskeletal structures form the mitotic spindle and help separate chromosomes during cell division.
What are microtubules?