All Aboard!
What is the Canadian Pacific Railway?
Railroad built shortly after confederation connecting East to West
The railroad destroyed this animal that the First Nations and Metis relied upon
Bison
Before 1867, Canada was a series of colonies belonging to whom?
The British
When did Alberta join confederation?
1905
Who was the first Canadian Prime Minister?
Sir John A Macdonald
Which group of people built the CPR?
The Chinese
Reserves
Why did Macdonald want the British colonies to join together?
to move troops in time of war, move goods between colonies, take settlers to the Interior Plains and to British Columbia
Why was the NWMP created?
To bring law and order to the west, control the illegal whiskey trade, secure borders
What is head tax?
A discriminatory fee imposed by the Canadian government on Chinese immigrants between 1885 and 1923, designed to restrict immigration
How did the CPR affect First Nations people?
They could not hunt buffalo, railroad went through their lands, forced to farm instead of hunt
Which animal was often hit by trains, affecting First Nations ways of life?
Horses
Why were the Canadiens reluctant to join confederation?
What does NWMP stand for?
North West Mounted Police
Who was Sam Steele?
A legendary NWMP officer that carried out Federal Law during the Yukon Gold Rush
Why was building the railroad so challenging?
muskeg (swamp land) and steep mountains
How did the sparks from the train affect First Nations and Metis communities?
Fires on the prairies destroyed grasslands and homes
Why did the Canadiens agree to confederation?
Cartier and Macdonald agreed that French would be an official language and they could have control in provincial decisions (school system, religion).
What credentials did recruits for the NWMP need?
Must be male, age 20-35, able to ride horseback
Who was Louis Riel?
Political leader of the Metis people, established Manitoba and was a resistance leader (fought for Metis rights)
Name one way that the railroad changed the economic climate of Canada?
Farm products from the Prairies could now be sent East. Tourism became an industry, towns and cities grew bigger.
What is a potlatch?
Traditional celebration in Indigenous culture that includes giving gifts, dancing, feasting, and singing to celebrate a new birth, marriage, or passing of an elder.
Which provinces were the first to join confederation?
Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick
What convinced British Columbia to join Confederation when they were so close to the USA?
Canadian Pacific Railroad
Who was the chief engineer for the Canadian Pacific Railroad?
William Van Horne