The Red River Resistance
What name is given to the peaceful stand by the Métis to protect their land and culture when Canada planned to take over the Red River Colony?
The Red River Resistance.
What important list did the Métis send to Ottawa that outlined their demands for protecting land and culture?
The List of Rights (Métis List of Rights)
What does NWMP stand for?
North-West Mounted Police.
What railway promise convinced British Columbia to join Canada in 1871? (Name the railway.)
The Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR).
Which one of these was an original province in 1867: Ontario, Alberta, or British Columbia?
Ontario (or Nova Scotia; correct answer: Nova Scotia was one of the four founding provinces — acceptable: Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick). For the question as written, correct choice: Nova Scotia.
Who was the young Métis leader who formed a provisional government to represent the Métis people? Louis Riel.
Louis Riel.
What province was created in 1870 as a result of the negotiations after the Red River Resistance?
Manitoba.
What was the 1874 journey taken by the NWMP to the West called?
The March West (1874).
What discovery in 1896 started the Klondike Gold Rush? (Be specific.)
Gold discovered on Bonanza Creek (Yukon)
Which two provinces were created in 1905 from part of the Northwest Territories?
Alberta and Saskatchewan.
What farming system used long, narrow strips along the water that gave each family river access?
River-lot system (river-lot).
According to the lesson, Manitoba was established as what kind of province with protections for both English and French?
Bilingual (protections for both French and English).
What illegal trade did the NWMP work to stop that caused violence and problems with Indigenous communities?
The illegal whiskey trade.
What was the name of the steep trail prospectors had to climb carrying heavy supplies?
Chilkoot Trail (also called Chilkoot Pass).
Why was the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) important for Canada’s growth? Give one reason.
It connected east and west, made travel and trade faster, and helped unite the country; it also fulfilled BC’s promise to join Confederation.
Why did the Métis fear the Canadian surveyors’ square grid system? (Give one clear reason.)
The grid divided river lots into square parcels, cutting across Métis farms and threatening access to the river and existing land ownership.
Name two key things the Métis wanted to protect in their List of Rights (choose any two).
Land (river-lot system) and language; or religion (Catholic schools) and self-rule; etc.
Name one way NWMP forts served their communities besides being police stations.
Forts served as meeting places, trading centers, supply points, and symbols of Canadian authority.
Which town grew to over 30,000 people during the Gold Rush?
Dawson City
Name one challenge immigrant workers, especially Chinese laborers, faced while building the CPR.
Dangerous work, tunnels and trestles through mountains, extreme weather, low pay, and higher death/injury rates — Chinese workers faced discrimination.
Describe one peaceful action Louis Riel and the Métis took to have their concerns heard by the Canadian government.
Examples: formed a provisional government; created a List of Rights; sent delegates to Ottawa to negotiate (any one of these).
Explain, in one or two sentences, why many Métis families did not receive the land that was promised after the Manitoba Act.
Because of delays, complicated rules, arrival of settlers and speculators, and bureaucratic issues, most Métis did not receive the promised land.
Peacekeeper example: stopped the whiskey trade and settled disputes; agent of control example: enforced Canadian law, established forts that extended government control.
Describe one major effect the Gold Rush had on Indigenous peoples’ lives in the Yukon region.
Effects: disrupted traditional lands and ways of life, increased settlement, pressure on resources, and displacement of Indigenous peoples.
In your own words, explain why Alberta and Saskatchewan were created as provinces in 1905 (one or two sentences).
Because massive settlement on the prairies increased population and the need for local government, services, schools, and laws, so the federal government created two provinces to manage those needs.