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The practice of making managerial decisions with the use of critical thinking and the best available evidence
What is evidence-based management?
Management theory that analyzes work flows to improve economic efficiency, especially labor productivity
What is scientific management?
The continual process of detecting, reducing and/or eliminating errors in manufacturing
What is total quality management (TQM)?
A theoretical perspective that emphasized the importance of understanding human behavior and motivating employees
What is the behavioral viewpoint?
A system that regularly exchanges feedback with its external environment
What is an open system?
This approach to management involves the use of techniques such as statistics, information models and computer simulations to improve decision-making
What is quantitative management?
Processes to ensure that a product or service adheres to a predefined set of quality standards
Viewpoint that attempts to integrate a variety of management approaches by proposing that there is no one best way to organize or lead an organization
What is the contingency viewpoint?
Concept that the organization is a system of correlated parts or subsystems to be operated as a whole
What is the systems viewpoint?
Labor, capital, equipment, land, buildings, materials and information to be transformed into goods and services
What are inputs?
Goods and services which are created by transforming inputs
What are outputs?
Management chiefly concerned with planning, organizing and supervising in the context of production, manufacturing or the provision of services
What is operations management?
The act of overseeing all activities and tasks that must be accomplished to maintain a desired level of excellence
What is the quality-management viewpoint?
Theory based on the belief that workers have only physical and economic needs
What is the classical viewpoint?
An organization skilled at creating, acquiring and transferring knowledge and at modifying its behavior to reflect new knowledge and insights
What is a learning organization?
Any activity that takes one or more inputs, adds value to them, and provides outputs for customers or clients
What are transformation processes?
The movement that personal development and growth as well as employee goal-setting are essential to effective businesses
What is the human relations movement?
Branch of science that deals primarily with human actions
What is behavioral science?
A system that operates on its own with little or no influence from the outside world
What is a closed system?
Information about the reaction of the environment to the outputs that affect the inputs
What is feedback?
In a system of interrelated parts, the parts that make up the whole
What are subsystems?
The study of how order and patterns arise from complicated, apparently chaotic systems
What is complexity theory?
The use of mathematics to aid in problem-solving and decision-making
What is management science?
The two branches of the classical viewpoint
What are scientific and administrative management?
A set of interrelated parts that operate together to achieve a common purpose
What is a system?