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Agricultural Revolution
the unprecedented increase in agricultural production in Britain due to increases in labor and land productivity
Atlantic Slave Trade
Transporting slaves manly to the Americas. Was a triangle route and its middle passage 16th-19th century
Domestic System
merchant-employers “put out” materials to rural producers who usually worked in their homes but sometimes labored in workshops or in turn put out work to others.
Steam Engine
an engine that uses the expansion or rapid condensation of steam to generate power.
Charles Darwin
English naturalist, geologist and biologist, best known for his contributions to the science of evolution.
Industrial Revolution
Was the new manufacturing process in Europe and the United States 1760-1840
Plantations
an estate on which crops such as coffee, sugar, and tobacco are cultivated by resident labor.
labor
work, especially hard physical work.
James watt
was a Scottish inventor, mechanical engineer, and chemist who improved on Thomas Newcomen's 1712
Thomas Edison
Thomas Alva Edison was an American inventor and businessman who has been described as America's greatest inventor
Joint-Stock Company
Middle Passage
Capital
the most important city or town of a country or region, usually its seat of government and administrative center.
Factory
a building or group of buildings where goods are manufactured or assembled chiefly by machine.
Henry Bessemer
English inventor, whose steel-making process would become the most important technique for making steel in the nineteenth century
Mercantilism
belief in the benefits of profitable trading; commercialism.
William Wilberforce
William Wilberforce was a British politician, philanthropist, and a leader of the movement to abolish the slave trade.
Entrepreneur
a person who organizes and operates a business or businesses, taking on greater than normal financial risks in order to do so.
Fossil Fuel
Urbanization
the process of making an area more urban.
Subsidies
a sum of money granted by the government or a public body to assist an industry or business so that the price of a commodity or service may remain low or competitive.
Enclosure Acts
the abolition of the open field system of agriculture which had been the way people farmed in England for centuries.
Spinning Jenny
Louis Pasteur
French chemist and microbiologist renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation, and pasteurization
Railroads
a track or set of tracks made of steel rails along which passenger and freight trains run.