First Aid Theory
P- PRESERVE LIFE
P- PREVENT FURTHER INJURY
P- PROMOTE RECOVERY
What are the ABC priorities
A- AIRWAY
B- BREATHING
C- CIRCULATION
What are the signs of someone experiencing an asthma attack?
Trouble breathing : shortness of breath wheezing
panic, flushed face, chest and airway tightness
What is the Ratio of compressions to breaths?
30:2
What implies consent?
Unconsciousness
What does FAST stand for? What is it used to treat?
Stroke
F- FACE
A- ARMS
S- SPEECH
T- TIME
What are the signs of someone hyperventilating?
Fast breathing, lightheadedness, flushed face, blue colour of the lips
What factors must be present to start CPR?
Victim is non breathing AND unconscious
When can you stop treatment on a victim?
1. When there are hazards present
2. you are too physically exhausted to continue
3. another trained person takes over
4. doctor or EMS arrvives on scene
UNRESPONSIVNESS TEST
A- ALERT
V- VERBAL/VOIVE
P- PAIN
U- UNRESPONSIVE
What are the signs of a heart attack/angina?
Chest pain, flushed face, trouble breathing, denial
Angina: ABOVE PLUS: previous medical history, medication - Nitrogycerin
What differences are there between adult and infant CPR?
1. you may use two fingers for compressions
2. pocket mask is applied upside down - use smaller breaths
What elements makeup the PRIMARY ASSESSMENT?
1. Scene survey
2. LOC
3. ABC
4. MOI
5. Treatment
What Acronym is Used to treat SHOCK and what are its elements?
W- WARM
A- ABC
R- REST AND REASSURE
T- TREATMENT
S- SEMI SIT/ SEMI PRONE
What are symptoms of anaphylaxis?
Red splotches on the face, lips and eyes are swollen, trouble breathing, anxiety, hives
Other than mouth to mouth what rescue breathing techniques can be used?
mouth to stoma, mouth to nose
What elements make up the SECONDARY ASSESSMENT?
1. check vital signs (monitor every couple min)
2. head to toe check
3. victim history
What does R2D2 stand for and what is it used to treat?
R- REST
R- REASSURE
D- DIRECT PRESSURE
D- DO NOT REMOVE FIRST LAYER
TREATS: EXTERNAL BLEEDING
What symptoms differentiate my first second and third degree burns?
First degree:Redness, Swelling, Pain, Anxiety, Shock
Second Degree: ABOVE PLUS: Blisters
Third Degree: ABOVE PLUS: Red, black or grey tissue, waxy /tight tissue underlying tissue or organs exposed, abscence of pain
When can an AED NOT be used?
in an area with a high oxygen concentration