Virology Structure & Taxonomy
Building blocks of capsids
What are capsomeres
Number of infectious virions per volume of fluid
What is titer
Viruses that establish long-term, stable relationship but are capable of virulence.
What are temperate viruses
Viral infection that leads to the conversion of normal cells into tumor cells
What is transformation
Genome reassortment that leads to epidemics and pandemics
What is antigenic shift
The Family name for a virus
What is -viridae
Clear zones of cell lysis that develop on lawns of host cells where successful viral infection occurs.
What are plaques
When the host cell harbors temperate virus in their chromosomal DNA
What is lysogeny or lysogen
cause pneumonia, retinitis, gastrointestinal diseases, serious disease or death in immunocompromised
what is Cytomegalovirus
Retroviral D N A becomes permanent part of host chromosome
What are proviruses
Houses the genetic information of the virus
What is nucleocapsid
Point in the replication cycle when virus nucleic acid and protein by host cell are redirected by virus
What is synthesis
Form in some eukaryotic cells to increase virion assembly rate and protect from host defense
What are viroplasms
A dsDNA virus that reactivates under stress or weakened immune system and remains latent for a period of time
What is herpesvirus
Small genetic mutations in surface proteins that are attributed to seasonal flu
What is antigenic drift
What are glycoproteins
The steps in the viral replication cycle
What is attachment, penetration, synthesis, assembly, release
Host cell entry occurs by fusion with cytoplasmic membrane
What is endocytosis
Can be genetically engineered to make recombinant virus with the capacity to elicit a strong immune response
What is vaccinia virus
dsRNA virus which causes diarrhea in 6-24 month old infants. Its segmented genome is encased in a nonenveloped nucleocapsid.
What are reoviruses
Viral symmetry can be
What is icosahedral and helical
The eclipses and maturation phase of the lytic viral replication
What is the latent period
An example of a temperate virus
What is lambda phage
dsDNA virus whose replication occurs in the cytoplasm of animal cells. It is known for its bowtie-shaped nucleocapsid
What are pox viruses
The three enzymatic activities of Retroviruses
Hairlike polymer structures that attract amoeba hosts
What are fibrils
ICTV stands for
International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses
slow release of virions from host cell by budding and does not result in cell lysis. Infected cell remains alive and continues to produce virus
What are persistent infections
Used as a cloning and DNA sequencing vector in genetic engineering
What is M13
The Polyphasic approach includes
What is phenotype, genotype, and phylogeny of the virus