Byzantine
The Byzantine Empire was known as a continuation of this
The Eastern Roman Empire (the Roman Empire)
The desert in which early inhabitants lived
the Arabian Peninsula
Islam means...
Submission to the will of God
Muslims must pray ___ times a day and always face _____.
5
Mecca
The chief Muslim leader and successor to Muhammad is called a ____. The first one after Muhammad was _____, his father-in-law.
caliph
Abu Bakr
The capital of the Byzantine Empire
Constantinople
Bedouin
The shrine located in Mecca
Ka'aba
The pillar in which one must donate a part of their wealth to those in need (# and name)
3. Alms
The two branches Islam split into when the Umayyad had control and what they believed
Sunni (accepted Umayyad rule)
Shi'ite (believed only members of Muhammad's family should be caliph)
The emperor who took confusing Roman laws and made them easier to understand in a collection of codes
Justinian I
Arabia's most important city
Mecca
A teacher believed to be inspired by God
Islam's was...
prophet
Muhammad
The statement Muslims must testify to
"There is no god but God, and Muhammad is His Prophet."
The three Islamic empires we learned about after the Umayyad and Abbasids
Ottoman, Safavid, Mughals
The separation / divide of the church into the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church
The Schism of 1054
A clan is...
groups of families who believed they shared a common ancestor
An Islamic system of law that covers all aspects of human behavior
Shari'a
The Islamic holy month in which Muslims do not eat or drink between dawn and sunset.
Ramadan
The city celebrated as the center of learning in Spain
Cordoba
A series of religious wars fought to stop the spread of Islam
What nomads were always searching for in the desert
What is the definition of it?
Oasis
A fertile place with water in the desert
A religious teacher that leads a weekly service
imam
What is the 5th pillar and EXPLAIN it
Pilgrimage (Hajj) to Mecca at least once in their lifetime where they pray to the Ka'aba and circle it 7 times.
This helped Muslims calculate dates and advance navigation
observatories to plot the movement of stars