Byzantine
Constantinople is positioned on the __________ which was crucial for controling land and sea trade routes between the East and the West.
Bosporus
What was the dominate ethnic group at the beginning of the Russian state?
Slavs
What do Muslim's believe about God?
There is no God but Allah
Who started the Islam faith?
Muhammad
Decorative art that used tiny pieces of glass or stone in wet cement or plaster is called what?
Mosaic
Justinian's reign brought the Byzantine Empire to its height, but also caused what downfall in the empire?
Financial ruin
Who established Eastern Orthodox Christianity as the official state religion of Russia?
Vladimir I
How many times a day do Muslims pray and what is special about it?
5 times, facing Mecca
What is the Islam "bible"?
Qur'an
The art of beautiful handwriting is called what?
Calligraphy
Who was Justinian's wife?
Theodora
Who established political control in Russia?
The Varangians - full points
Swedish Norsemen - half points
Both - full points
Which five prophets do Muslims believe in? Which one is the "final" prophet?
Abraham, Noah, David, Jesus, Muhammad. Muhammad is final.
What is jihad often translated to?
holy war
Best example of Muslim architecture
Mosques
What are three areas/countries that Justinian reconquered from the former Western Roman Empire?
North Africa, Italy, Southern Spain
What was the central hub of the early Russian state?
Kiev
What is pilgrimage and what does the Bible say about it?
Traveling to a destination. The Bible does not mention pilgrimage, however, it does state there is nothing we can physically do to get to heaven. We get there through grace and grace alone.
Nomadic desert herdsmen who formed a significant part of early Arab society were called what?
Bedouins
What is the best example of Byzantine architecture?
Hagia Sophia
What are three other names for Constantinople?
New Rome, Queen of the Mediterranean, and Byzantium
Give two reasons why the Roman and Byzantine church split
1. Papal Authority: The Byzantine church leaders refused to acknowledge the Bishop of Rome's claim of supreme authority over al churches.
2.Power Struggle: A significant power struggle emerged between the Pope in Rome and the Patriarch in Constantinople.
3. Theological and Liturgical Differences: Disagreements arose over various issues, including the use of icons in worship.
Name all five pillars of Islam and what they are
1. Shahadah (confession of faith)
2. Salat (Prayer 5 times a day)
3. Zakat (donations)
4. Sawm (fasting -Ramadan)
5. Hajj (Pilgrimage to Mecca)
Why did Muhammad face persecution?
Fear his teaching would disrupt the profitable idol worship at the Ka'bah
Name of Muslim Poet
Omar Khayyam