Immune/Infectious Disease
What is tetraplegia (quadriplegia)?
type of cancer - malignancy in bone marrow
What is leukemia?
signs include sudden numbness/weakness in face, arm, or leg, sudden dimness/loss of vision, difficulty speaking, sudden severe heading, and unexplained dizziness
What are sings of a CVA/stroke?
this gland secretes prolactin and human growth hormone
What is the anterior pituitary gland?
this type of infectious organism is completely dependent on host cells and cannot replicate unless it invades a host cell
What is a virus?
this is fatal and can be seen with lesions at level T5 and above
What is autonomic dysreflexia?
characterized by bone formation in non-osseous tissue (muscle and adipose), can occur after traumas
What is heterotrophic ossificans?
associated with flexed trunk posture, festinating gait, tremors, and a decrease in dopamine
What is Parkinson's disease?
this gland secretes oxytocin and anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)
What is the posterior pituitary gland?
this type of organism can be killed with an antibiotic and is single-celled with well-defined cell walls that can grow independently on artificial media without the need for other cells
What is bacteria?
this dx. is the most common entrapment neuropathy in the US - entrapment of the median nerve and caused by anything that decreases the space (RA, infections, pregnancy, obesity, etc.)
What is carpal tunnel syndrome?
this progressive MSK disorder is where there is an absence of dystrophin, usually occurs in males, and is associated with a positive Gower's sign, waddling gait, toe walking, and scapular winging (death in early 20s)
What is Duchenne's muscular dystrophy (DMD)?
infection of the meninges, associated with headache and stiff/painful neck
What is meningitis?
found in the pancreas (Islet of Langerhans), these produce glucagon which helps to increase blood glucose
What are alpha cells?
natural/native immunity, nonspecific and nonadaptive (body's 1st line of defense: skin/mucosal barriers and nonspecific inflammatory response)
What is innate immunity?
this dx. is characterized by distal muscle wasting/atrophy, pes cavus, hammer toes, and foot drop with a high steppage gait
What is charcot-marie-tooth (CMT)?
this is rapid breakdown of skeletal muscle, can happen to those who lift significantly, train intensely, or take herbal supplements/statins
What is rhabdomyolosis?
This neurotransmitter is decreased when a pt. has Alzheimer's
What is acetylcholine?
when too much PTH is released, this can lead to hypercalcemia
programmed cell death (type of cellular suicide) that does NOT cause an inflammatory response; organized process
What is apoptosis?
this SCI is classified by damage to all 3 tracts of the spinal cord, UE usually more involved than LE - loss in pain and temp, motor function, and sensory below the level of lesion
What is central cord syndrome?
commonly called brittle bone disease, implications for PTA include low impact exercise and aquatic therapy
what is osteogenesis imperfecta?
with this degenerative disease, eye movement, bowel/bladder function, and sensations stay the same; we give an AD for assistance at stage 2
What is ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis)
potentially a sign of endocrine dysfunction and commonly called frozen shoulder, this results in stiffness and pain in the shoulder (equal limitation of IR/ER)
What is adhesive capsulitis?