Growth vs Fixed Mindset
What does a growth mindset mean?
Belief abilities can improve with effort
Which ancient language did the chatbot teach?
Latin
How many students were in the study?
12 participants
Which API was used to build the chatbots
ChatGPT API
Which chatbot made students feel more comfortable: growth or fixed?
Growth mindset
What does a fixed mindset mean?
Belief abilities are unchangeable
Why did researchers select Latin instead of Spanish or French?
because Latin is less commonly studied, ensuring all participants had equal prior experience
What age group did most participants belong to?
18–21 years old
The growth mindset chatbot acted more like what kind of teacher?
supportive, adaptive, growth-mindset teacher
What type of test did researchers use to compare groups?
Mann–Whitney U Test
Which mindset encourages effort and practice?
Growth mindset
Name one simple Latin word the chatbot taught.
Animus, Aqua, Arbor, Flora, Herba, Luna, Natura, Sol, Terra, or Ventus
Which software platform hosted the remote study sessions?
Zoom
Which group used more positive words to describe their chatbot: growth or fixed?
Growth
By about what percent did comfort increase with the growth mindset chatbot?
34%
In the study, which chatbot made students feel more comfortable: growth or fixed?
Growth mindset chatbot
Which chatbot helped students learn more words: growth or fixed?
Growth Mindset
What puzzle did students complete before and after chatbot practice?
word search puzzle
Which chatbot group asked for more examples in Session 1?
fixed mindset chatbot group
Which chatbot group showed more discouragement?
Fixed mindset
By how many points did the growth mindset group’s score increase on average?
3 points
What percent more words were remembered with the growth mindset chatbot?
38% more words retained
Which two scales measured grit and anxiety?
Duckworth’s Grit Scale and the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS)
What happened to unrelated questions by fixed mindset users in Session 2?
they dropped to zero
What was the biggest limitation of the study?
a small sample size, limiting statistical significance and generalizability