Oceanography History
This founding father created the first map of the Gulf Stream current in 1769
Who is Benjamin Franklin?
This salt is the most abundant salt in ocean water
What is sodium chloride (NaCl)?
This type of tide describes a location that has one high tide and one low tide per day
What is a diurnal tide?
This term for ocean organisms is used for actively-swimming organisms
What is nekton?
This ocean feature is the cause of much of the erosion occurring near shorelines
What are waves?
These five oceans make up the one global ocean
What are the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Arctic, and Southern oceans?
This location has a lower salinity compared to other regions of the ocean, especially compared to areas with lots of evaporation
Where is the polar regions? (will also accept near river mouths)
These four parts make up the structure of a wave
What are Crest, Trough, Wavelength, and Wave Height?
This term is used for organisms that live on the ocean floor
What is benthos?
These two forces contribute to the creation of shoreline landforms
What are erosion and deposition?
This Englishman was the first of his nationality to circumnavigate the globe (and he actually survived the journey too)
Who is Sir Francis Drake?
Sunlight can only penetrate ocean water up to 200m and this color of visible light can't even make it that far, traveling the least distance into the water
What is red light?
Besides the effect of the wind (causing surface currents and waves) and the moon (causing tides), this third reason is an example of how the ocean is in motion
What is cold, dense water sinking and moving along the ocean floor
This zone refers to the environment of the open-ocean (as opposed to the seafloor)
What is the pelagic zone?
This type of erosional landform can occur when a sea cave becomes weathered clear through to the other side of the rock
What is a sea arch?
This invention, newly invented in the 1930s, allowed for in-depth study of marine life in situ for the first time
What is SCUBA?
This temperature of water is able to hold more dissolved oxygen - a necessary feature of seawater for marine life to live
What is cold water?
When the sun and moon are at right angles, their competing gravitational pulls create this kind of lowest high tide
What are neap tides?
This geological feature is where the life of the abyssal zone generally concentrates around
What are black smokers? (Will also take hydrothermal vents)
Deposition of sediment from this source can lead to the creation of black, or more rarely green, sandy beaches
What is volcanic sediment?
This British ship was the first dedicated oceanographic research vessel and whose name is given to the deepest known point in the seabed
What is the HMS Challenger?
For every 10 meters of depth, the pressure in the ocean increases by this amount
What is one atmosphere?
These four currents make up the North Atlantic Gyre
What are the Gulf Stream, North Atlantic Drift, Canary Current, and the North Equatorial Current
The Marianna Trench would be an example of this type of benthic environment
What is the Hadal zone?
This type of current flows parallel to the shore and can lead to the creation of many depositional landforms such as bays, lagoons, sand spits, bay mouth bars, and barrier islands
What are longshore currents?