Emotional
Margaret Mahler
What are the three major processes that help the brain grow and develop after birth?
Synaptogenesis, myelination, and the growth of new dendrites.
What are the 3 components of verbal language? Phonemes, morphemes, and semantics.
Phonemes, morphemes, and semantics.
Thomas and Chess’s Theory of Temperament offered 3 descriptions for children: easy children, slow-to-warm children, and?
Difficult Children
what is self-awareness?
The ability to recognize that you are a distinct individual, separate from other people.
Identify the three primary attachment styles?
Securely attached, anxious-ambivalent and Avoidant attachment
Question: What is the difference between a genotype and a phenotype?
A genotype is the genetic information a person inherits, while a phenotype is the observable characteristics influenced by genes and the environment.
Which stage in language milestone is "repetition of consonant- vowel combination?
Canonical equplicated bubbling (stage 3).
What term refers to “genetically based but also environmentally influenced tendencies to respond in predictable in predictable ways to events that serve as the building blocks of personality?
Temperament
What is gender identity, according to Kohlberg?
This stage of gender identity development occurs around ages 2–3, when children identify themselves and others as male or female.
What occurs in the rapprochement subphrase in Mahler’s theory?
Between the ages of 16-24 months, child realizes helplessness and dependence, but also the need for independence
What is the difference between a critical period and a sensitive period?
A critical period is a limited time when an experience is necessary for development, while a sensitive period is a time when an experience is optimal but not necessary.
Cognitive development is influenced in Vygotsky theory.
Social and cultural factors.
According to Erikson, what ages would industry versus inferiority take place?
6-12 years of age
What is identity diffusion, according to Marcia?
This identity status occurs when a person has not experienced an identity crisis and is not committed to a particular identity.
Identify the two researchers that are famous for pioneering attachment theory and studying infant-caregiver bonds?
John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth
What is the difference between heredity and environment in the development of intelligence?
Both heredity and environment influence intelligence. Research with twins and siblings shows that genetic differences and environmental experiences both contribute to IQ differences.
What is reminiscence bump?
Increase memory for events that occurred from mid-adolescence to mid-20.
According to the 4 parenting styles, parents who are high in demandingness and high in responsiveness are what type of parents?
Authoritative parents
What are Marcia's four identity statuses?
Diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium, and achievement.
What does an individual with avoidant attachment experience?
Needs are Dismissed. Experience rejection and uses avoidance as a defense to cope with
A child has an extra copy of chromosome 21. What condition does this describe, and what is this type of abnormality called?
Down syndrome, also called Trisomy 21. It occurs when the child has an extra chromosome 21.
Piaget cognitive development is BLANK in which a child constructs knowledge by interacting with the environment.
active process
Define what OCEAN stands for?
Openness, Conscientiousness, Extroversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism
A young adult is questioning their beliefs and values, explored different possibilities, and ultimately made a strong commitment to their own identity. According to Marcia, what identity status does this represent?
identity achievement