Class 2: What is Climate Change?
Is climate change short or long term?
Long term
What are the three main ways that companies organize?
Sole proprietorship, private corporation, and public corporation
What is a shareholder?
A person who owns shares in a company and has ownership rights proportional to their ownership.
Around 90% of the excess heat from global warming ends up here, making it the planet's major heat sink.
The ocean
What happens when individuals overuse a shared resource for personal gain?
Tragedy of the commons
What is attribution science?
How much of climate change is attributed to humans
The main function of the SEC is to protect which group?
To protect investors/shareholders
What is the difference between a shareholder and a stakeholder?
A shareholder owns shares in a company, while a stakeholder is an individual, group, or organization involved in or affected by a company’s decisions.
This hemisphere is warming faster than the other because it has more land area relative to the ocean.
The Northern Hemisphere
What type of access allows anyone to use a resource without restrictions
Open access
What do climographs measure?
Temperature & precipitation
What are the three key actors of a public corporation?
Board of Directors, Shareholders, and the CEO/executive team
What is the main difference between shareholder primacy and the stakeholder view?
Shareholder primacy focuses on increasing profits for shareholders, while the stakeholder view considers the interests of all groups affected by the company.
This ocean process accounts for about 1/3 of sea level rise, caused by water expanding as it warms.
Thermal expansion
What did Elinor Ostrom show could prevent the tragedy of the commons?
Community self-governance
What does IPCC stand for?
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Who elects a corporation's Board of Directors?
Investors/shareholders
What is double materiality?
Double materiality combines the financial perspective (outside-in) with the impact perspective (inside-out).
The worlds sea level has risen 8 inches since this year, with half of the rise occurring since 1993.
1990
What is the key difference between a commons and open access?
Commons have rules and defined users
Who was first to propose the greenhouse gas effect?
Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier
What is the name of the annual report required by the SEC that details a company's performance that year?
Form 10-k
How can climate change affect a company from both the outside-in and inside-out perspectives?
Outside-in, climate change can cause extreme weather, disrupt operations and supply chains, and create negative financial consequences. Inside-out, a company’s activities can affect climate change through emissions and create impacts on stakeholders.
During this ENSO phase, trade winds weaken, and warm water moves east across the Pacific, while the opposite phase strengthens trade winds and cools the eastern Pacific Ocean.
El Niño
What type of system uses multiple independent groups to address a shared problem?
Polycentric system