CFCs
Most of Earth's weather occurs in the?
Troposphere
What is the sequence of layers of the atmosphere from innermost to outermost?
Troposphere- stratosphere- mesosphere- thermosphere- Exosphere
What is a Stratospheric ozone do?
screens out ultraviolet radiation
helps protect humans from sunburn and cataracts
prevents ozone formation in the troposphere
Human health depends on having.....? think ozone
enough ozone in the stratosphere and little ozone in troposphere
Acid deposition is properly defined as the _____ deposition of ____ pollutants onto Earth's surface.
a) wet... secondary
b) dry ..... secondary
c) wet and dry .... primary
d) wet and dry ... secondary
d) wet and dry ...... secondary
In general, acid deposition has harmful effects for terrestrial ecosystems when it falls below a pH level of?
5.6
Which of the following best describes the Earth's average surface temperature for the past 900,000 years?
a) a steady warming trend
b) fairly steady temperatures until recently
c) many fluctuations of several degrees centigrade
d) fairly steady with occasional cool spells
c) many fluctuations of several degrees centigrade
The major greenhouse gases include all of the following except
a) chlorofluorocarbons
b) carbon dioxide and water vapor
c) sulfur dioxide
d) methane
c) sulfur dioxide
Estimated variations in the Earth's mean surface temperature over the past 135 years correlate closely with
a) ozone
b) water vapor
c) CFCs
d) carbon dioxide
d) carbon dioxide
CFCs are released into the atmosphere by all of the following except
a) spray cans
b) discarded refrigerators
c) burning of artificial logs in fireplaces
d) leaking of air conditioners
c) burning of artificial logs in fireplaces
Ozone in the stratosphere is most important to life at Earth's surface because its absorbs
a) gamma rays
b) microwaves
c) ultraviolet light
d) visible light
c) ultraviolet light
Stratospheric ozone depletion is most likely to result in which of the following
a) increased growth of food crops due to increasing amounts of ultraviolet radiation
b) extended grazing season for cattle
c) disruption of photosynthesis in plants
d) increase movement of the human population toward equatorial regions
c) disruption of photosynthesis in plants
Many scientists maintain that a rise in sea level has occurred in the last hundred years as a result of global warming. If this is true, which of the following factors best explains such a rise?
a) increased precipitation
b) increased cloud cover
c) increased evapotranspiration
d) thermal expansion of the ocean
d) thermal expansion of the ocean
The main environmental effects of ozone depletion could include all of the following except
a) lower food-crop production
b) decreased concentrations of co2 in the atmosphere
c) disruption of marine food chains
d) increased incidence of skin cancer
b) decreased concentrations of co2 in the atmosphere
Although ozone in the stratosphere has been decreasing in recent years, ozone near the earth's surface is on the increase. This ozone near the surface is undesirable because it
a) absorbs ultraviolet light
b) has a different chemical structure than stratospheric ozone
c) reacts with hydrocarbons to form CFC's
d) is a strong oxidant and a respiratory irritant
d) is a strong oxidant and a respiratory irritant
How does burning of fossil fuels contribute to the net increase in the atmospheric carbon?
a) photosynthesis is reduced by virtue of increased smoke and haze
b) Carbon released by the burning is not in a form that can be readily absorbed by plants, leaving residual carbon in the atmosphere
c) Carbon that has been sequestered underground is added to the carbon cycling between the atmosphere and the biosphere
d) carbon released by burning is more easily absorbed in the atmosphere than that produced by natural means
c) Carbon that has been sequestered underground is added to the carbon cycling between the atmosphere and the biosphere
Over the last million years, glacial periods lasting about ___ years have alternated with interglacial periods lasting about ____ years.
a) 10,000.... 100,000
b) 1,000.... 10,000
c) 10,000.... 10,000
d) 1,000.... 100,000
a) 10,000.... 100,000
Air pollution comes from mobile sources such as vehicles and stationary sources such as factories. ___ are chemicals or substances emitted directly into the air from natural processes and human activities at concentrations high enough to cause harm.
a) secondary pollutants
b) primary pollutants
c) industrial emissions
d) volatile inorganic compounds VOCs
b) primary pollutants
Which of the following will best serve to repair the stratospheric ozone layer?
a) ban use of fossil fuels
b) switch to renewable energy sources
c) eliminate the use of CFCs worldwide
d) eliminate coal-burning power plants
c) eliminate the use of CFCs worldwide
The potential massive release of methane from thawing Arctic permafrost and form the Arctic seafloor represents ____.
a) ocean acidification
b) global warming
c) a climate change tipping point
d) natural emissions
c) a climate change tipping point