Renaissance
What two civilizations inspired the Renaissance?
Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.
What are indulgences?
Indulgences- forgiving sins for money. The Catholic Church was selling it to people who could afford it.
Can you tell me how the Catholic Church responded to the scientific inventions of their time?
They made the Roman Catholic Church upset because they challenged them.
What was the primary reason for exploration?
All water route to to India and Asia
What type of government are the Enlightenment philosophers against?
Absolute monarchy
Unlimited government
Name the birthplace of the Renaissance.
Florence.
Name 3 characters that were part of the Protestant Reformation.
Martin Luther
Henry VIII
John Calvin
What movement did the Scientific Revolution help to inspire?
The Enlightenment.
What are the negatives of the Columbian Exchange?
Spread of diseases.
Name civil liberties according to Voltaire + explanation
Freedom of speech
People have the right to freedom of speech.
Freedom of religion
People have the right to practice any religion.
What do you know about the Medici Family?
The Medici's used their wealth to support arts and learning in Florence. This is called patronage.
Can you list three different denominations that fall under the Protestant branch of Christianity?
Lutheran
Anglican
Calvinist
Name 3 famous scientists and their achievements in the Scientific Revolution.
Newton-law of gravity
Galileo Galilei- Improved the telescope, proved the heliocentric theory
Bacon- Scientific Method
Nicolaus Copernicus- Heliocentric Theory
Name the primary inventions that help explore the new world.
Caravel
Compass
Astrolabe
Sandglass
According to Enlightenment philosophers, what should the government look like? (social contract)
The government was created as an agreement or contract between people and their government.
Social Contract
Explain Humanism.
Emphasis on the individual and daily life plus individual potential and achievement.
What are a counter-reformation and Jesuits?
The Catholic Church decided to try to change itself (reform). This period is known as the Counter-Reformation.
A Jesuit was a person who defended the Catholic Church and also converted those who did not believe in the faith (missionary).
What was a major theme of the Scientific Revolution?
Conflict between the church and science.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
The movement of plants, animals, people, ideas, diseases, and technology between the New World and Old World.
Name natural rights according to John Locke + explanation
Life, Liberty and Property-
People have the right to live without government intervention
People have the right to have freedom
People have the right to own property
Name 3 Renaissance artists and their achievements.
Leonardo Da Vinci- Mona Lisa and the Last Supper
Michelangelo- Statue of David
Machiavelli- Prince
How did the invention of the printing press influence the Protestant Reformation?
The invention of the printing press allowed information and books to reach the common man. People were able to read the Bible in their native language
It helped to start the Protestant Reformation.
What were some direct results of the Scientific Revolution?
- The Church felt challenged and banned books and punished scientists for their discoveries
- Challenges to authority inspired the Enlightenment philosophers to begin using reason to apply it to government.
How are the Renaissance and the Age of Exploration connected?
People invented new technology and improved existing technologies
Thanks to this, people were able to make the Age of Exploration possible.
Name Montesquieu's philosophical theories and explain what they mean.
Separation of power.
The branches of the government (legislative, executive, and judicial) have to be separated so none of them become too powerful.
Checks and balances
The branches can check the other branches in order to keep them balanced.