River
Approximately ___ of Earth's water is freshwater.
3%
Of the following, which is the best example of a point source of water pollution?
a) factory effluent
b) storm water
c) acid precipitation
d) agriculture runoff
a) factory effluent
Which of the following will result in accelerated eutrophication when introduced into streams, lakes, and bays?
a) bacteria and viruses
b) pesticides
c) herbicides
d) phosphates
d) phosphates
The greatest source of water pollution in terms of total mass is?
a) fertilizers
b) sediments
c) oxygen-demanding wastes
d) water-soluble inorganic chemicals
b) sediments
Which of the following is a non-point source of water pollution?
a) sewage treatment plant
b) electrical power plant
c) active and inactive coal miners
d) logged forest
d) logged forest
Which of the following methods of agricultural irrigation results in the loss of the least amount of water by evaporation?
a) conventional center-pivot irrigation
b) drip irrigation
c) gravity-flow irrigation
d) flood irrigation
b) drip irrigation
Overuse of groundwater can lead to
a) saltwater intrusion
b) subsidence
c) aquifer depletion
d) all the above
d) all the above
"Freshwater scarcity stress" describes_____.
a) the view that shrinking freshwater resource will cause political and military conflicts.
b) the impacts on wildlife that result from loss of freshwater due to human activity
c) the amount of freshwater available in a region compared with the amount used by humans
c) the amount of freshwater available in a region compared with the amount used by humans
Earth's supply of freshwater ____
a) mainly exists in liquid form
b) is about half its supply of salt water
c) includes surface water and groundwater
d) is distributed evenly across Earth's land areas
c) includes surface water and groundwater
What outcome would you expect when water is removed from an aquifer faster than it is replaced on a regular basis?
subsidence of land above the aquifer
True or False:
Most irrigation systems are very inefficient
True
Virtual Water is defined as ____
water used indirectly during steps to produce goods people consume
Cultural eutrophication contributes to _______.
algal blooms
What is an example of point source of pollution?
underground mine
sewage treatment plant
coal-powered plant
Drilling for freshwater along a coastal area can lead to what?
an intrusion of salt water into aquifers
What is dissolved oxygen?
a measure of how much oxygen is dissolved in the water
What does subsidence mean?
Sinking of ground when water has been withdrawn
What is water footprint?
a measure of the amount of fresh water utilized in the production or supply of the goods and services used by a particular person or group.
What is an aqueduct?
a pipe or passage used for carrying water for a distance
What is Snowpack?
snow that has fallen on the ground and does not melt
The nature of the simple atomic structure of water causes its molecules to have unique properties. Which of the following is NOT a property of water?
a) Liquid water changes temperature very quickly
b) water is an important solvent
c) water expands when it freezes
d) water is cohesive
a) Liquid water changes temperature very quickly
If you were stranded with no water, where would you get the cleanest water?
River or stream
What are the main properties of water?
Polar, excellent solvent (can dissolve molecules), high heat capacity, high heat of vaporization, less dense as a solid then a liquid
Describe the water cycle
Evaporation, condensation, precipitation, transportation and runoff
What are biotic and abiotic components of freshwater?
Biotic: plants, animals, microbes
Abiotic: include amount of sunlight, amount of oxygen and nutrients, proximity to land, depth and temperature