Rocks: Igneous
This hot, liquid rock is found inside the Earth's crust.
What is magma?
These types of rocks are formed from layers of sediment being pressed together over millions of years.
What are sedimentary rocks?
Humus is the dark, organic part of soil made from dead plants and animals. Large quantities of humus are found in this type of soil.
What is loam?
This is the primary source of energy for almost all food chains on Earth.
What is the Sun?
This was a famous pesticide used in the 1900s that was later banned because it harmed birds of prey.
What is DDT?
This type of igneous rock forms when lava cools down quickly on the surface.
What is extrusive rock?
This type of rock is formed when existing rocks are changed by great heat and pressure.
What is metamorphic rock?
Organic farmers use this instead of artificial fertilizers to improve soil.
What is sandy soil?
These organisms, usually plants or algae, start every food chain.
What are producers?
Instead of using chemicals, organic farmers use ladybirds or spiders to eat pests; a process called this.
What is biological pest control?
This common extrusive rock is usually black and has very small crystals.
What is basalt?
This is the name for the continuous process where rocks change from one type to another.
What is the rock cycle?
This type of soil feels gritty and allows water to drain through it very quickly.
What is sandy soil?
In a food chain, the arrows always point in the direction of this. (
What is energy flow?
This term describes the build-up of a toxin or chemical inside a single organism over its lifetime.
What is bioaccumulation?
Large crystals form in granite because the magma cools in this way.
What is slowly?
This process happens when rocks are broken down into smaller pieces by rain, wind, or ice.
What is weathering?
This is how you might refer to a healthy soil.
What is balanced?
This term describes an animal that eats both plants and other animals. (
What are omnivores?
Animals at this end of the food chain are most at risk from toxins like mercury or DDT.
What are top predators/birds of prey?
These are the naturally occurring substances that make up all igneous rocks and give them a crystalline appearance.
What are minerals?
You might find these preserved remains of ancient animals inside sedimentary rocks, but never in igneous rocks.
What are fossils?
These small animals are vital for soil health because they break down organic matter and create air spaces.
What are earthworms?
If a shark eats a turtle, and the turtle eats a jellyfish, the shark is known as this type of consumer.
What is a tertiary/top consumer/apex predator?
Scientists found that DDT caused the eggs of eagles and hawks to become this, leading to fewer chicks hatching.
What is thin-shelled?