ADHD
Tool designed to test attentional capacity in children and adults
Wisconsin Card-Sorting Test
Most common side effect of Fluoxetine
Diarrhea
18-month old patient present with parents, who state that baby only uses three words and refuses any food that is not white. Does not interact with other kids and spends a lot of time playing with one car. He is making falpping motions with his arms in the room. Most likely diagnosis is..
ASD
A child with ASD is most likely to experience this comorbidity
ADHD
FDA-approved medication for personality disorder(s)
None
ADHD symptom most likely to persist into adulthood
Innattention
Mechanism of action of Clonidine
Alpha-2 adrenergic agonist
7-year old child who was adopted at 2 years old for neglect comes with parents, who state that child does not seek comfort from them and has minimal emmotional connections with others. Diagnosis and approrpiate treatment are
Tx Individual and family therapy
3rd most common cause of death in adolescents 15-19yo in the US
Suicide
Preferred treatment for an adolescent with severe depression w/SI that is refractory to multiple antidepressants, refusing to eat.
ECT
6-yo boy brought to you by mother. She reports that he is "driven by a motor", can't stay still, does not respect turns, and is intrusive. Most appropriate next step
Obtain collateral from teacher
Mechanism of action of Strattera
Blocks norepinephrine reuptake
14-yo M continuously argues with parents cause he feels "they don't ghet me". Refuses to go to Church, stating "I am an atheist". Erikson would find a classic conflict in this stage of development
Identity vs. role confusion
Psychiatric diagnosis most common in children and adolescents (<18yo)
Anxiety disorders
3 day-old infant with irritability, hypotonia, poor feeding, nasal congestion, increased RR. Mom has OUD and was on Methadone during pregnancy. Next step?
Give morphine.
13yo w/ADHD on methylphenidate started 6 months ago presents with improved symptomss. No history of cardiac disease, vitals are estable, physical exam unremarkable. With regards to cardiac risk, the most appropriate step is to...
No additonal cardiac monitoring is required
Mechanism of action of Concerta (long-acting methylphenidate)
Increases dopamine and norepinephrine in the synaptic cleft
5-yo child with no past medical or psychiatric history, reported by parents to be very strong-willed, sometimes hostile towards authority figures. Throws temper tantrums and does not follow rules. On evalu, calm and inattentive. The best next step is
Screen for comorbid psychitric conditions
According to the CDC, what percentage of school-age children have ADHD? (range)
9% to 12%
8-year-old with aggressive, disruptive behavior, recently hit somebody with a baseball. Quiet on evaluation, reports being bullied. Teachers report that he is bright but often quits after small setbacks. This should be high on the differential:
MDD
School-aged children with ADHD and comorbid tic disorder treated with this medication see a reduction in both tics and ADHD
Guanfacine
Mechanism of action of ethosuximide
Reduces low-threshold T-type calcium currents
According to Mahler, this stage infant development was disrupted in children who develop Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Symbiotic phase
(0-5 months of age, recognized mother but lacks sense of individuality. NPD likely due to inadequate soothing during symbiotic pahse and inadequaste refueling after separation/individuation)
Percentage of children with ODD who will develop Conduct Disorder
30%
17yo F with anorexia, eating one meal a day and inducing vomiting right after. This important intervention is appropriate in both inpatient and outpatient settings
Observe patient for 2-3 hours after meals (in inpt setting, may restrict bathroom access)