Theorists
This theorist posits that an individual’s development is influenced by a series of interconnected environmental systems, ranging from the immediate surroundings (e.g., family) to broad societal structures (e.g., culture)
Who is Urie Bronfenbrenner?
An adolescent's clique exists on this level of the Ecological Systems Model
What is the microsystem?
These characteristics are stronger predictors of outcomes than are children’s experiences in childcare
What are family and home characteristics?
Children experiencing this economic condition tend to enter school behind their peers, score lower on achievement tests, work less and earn less as adults, and have worse health outcomes
What is poverty?
An organization formed by workers who join together and use their strength to have a voice in their workplace
What is a union?
This theorist believed cognitive development is a socially mediated process in which children acquire cultural values, beliefs, and problem-solving strategies through collaborative dialogues with more knowledgeable members of society
Who is Lev Vygotsky?
The influence of a parents job on their parenting style exists on this level of the Ecological Systems Model
What is the mesosytem?
In this parenting style, the parents are nurturing, responsive, and supportive, yet set firm limits for their children
What is authoritative parenting?
This behavior from peers can lead adolescents to make riskier decisions or engage in more problematic behavior than they would alone or in the presence of their family.
What is negative peer pressure?
A legally enforceable contract between a coalition of community-based organizations and the developer of a proposed project; in exchange for the coalition's public support of the project in the approval process, the developer agrees to contribute to the local community if the project moves forward.
What is a community benefits agreement?
A clinical and developmental psychologist, coined the following parenting styles: authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive/indulgent
Who is Diana Baumrind?
A workforce development program designed to help working parents gain new technical skills exists in this level of the Ecological Systems Model.
What is the exosystem?
Mothers and fathers whose jobs grant them more of this workplace condition use more positive, warm and
responsive parenting skills with their children
What is autonomy?
When all the family's attention is focused on the athletic cultivation of one child and there are fewer resources left for other children in the family, siblings can suffer from this
What is neglected-sibling syndrome?
A form of healthcare that serves parents or caregivers and children together, targeting family well-being as a mechanism to support healthy child development and mental health
What is dyadic care in pediatrics?
This theorist viewed peer interaction as an important
means of promoting intersubjectivity and subsequent social development and expressed concern that adult–child interaction may be less effective in promoting learning because the adult’s natural authority leads
to asymmetry that renders the child a more passive recipient of knowledge and instruction
Who is Jean Piaget?
National beliefs or values about work ethic and success exist on this level of the Ecological Systems Model
What is the macrosytem?
Access to this resource for young children is associated with better mother-child relationships, lower probability of insecure attachment in infants of mothers who are low in sensitivity,
fewer problem behaviors, higher cognitive performance, better language skills, and greater school readiness
What is high-quality childcare?
While parental religiousness is associated with more effective parenting, communication, closeness, warmth, support, and
monitoring, parental religiousness can also cause this condition, which may erode self-esteem and generate depression in emerging adolescents
What is conflict?
The San Francisco Perinatal Equity Initiative is partnering with the UC San Francisco Preterm Birth Initiative to conduct an equity assessment and develop a hospital quality improvement plan to address this practice in obstetric care
What is obstetric racism?
First to define social capital theory in 1985, this theorist sought to understand how the upper classes maintained their statuses — he didn’t believe economic capital could be the only reason; he argued that it was a lack of social capital that prevented social mobility and reinforced social inequalities
Who is Pierre Bourdieu?
The difference in parenting styles a parent exhibits with children born 15 years apart may best be described by this level of the Ecological Systems Model
What is the chronosytem?
This factor in a child’s classroom can have direct and positive effects on a child’s cognitive skills, pre-reading skills, and expressive language skills after controlling for preschool resources, family characteristics, and child’s skills at the beginning of preschool
What are peers?
Reducing the culture of a child’s home life to fixed and static monolithic concept
What is tokenism?
The first study to find strong evidence that the moving from high-poverty areas to low-poverty areas could result in economic gains, with children who moved from high-poverty areas to low-poverty areas when they were less than 13 years old enjoying mean incomes nearly a third higher than children who did not move.
What is the Moving to Opportunity experiment?