CJ Terms & Definitions
Actions which violate the law for which the government has the power to impose punishment.
Sir Robert Peele
Who is the Father of Modern Day Policing?
This goal of criminal justice includes arresting, prosecuting, convicting, and punishing those who disobey the law
What is controlling crime?
This era of criminal justice was from 1840-1920 and suffered from a lot of corruption
What is the Political Era of Policing?
This amendment to the US Constitution guarantees equal treatment under the law.
What is the 14th Amendment?
This type of crime will get you up to one year in jail.
What is a misdemeanor?
Of the three main aspects of criminal justice adopted from Sir Robert Peele, this one allows for law enforcement to be controlled geographically.
What is local control?
This goal of criminal justice includes the implementation of varying strategies which aim to reduce and deter crime.
What is preventing crime?
This era occurred from 1920-1970 and incorporated newer technology to help fight crime.
What is the Professional Era of Policing?
This amendment to the US Constitution protects citizens against unreasonable searches and seizures.
What is the 4th Amendment?
The authority to make decisions without reference to specific rules or facts, using instead one’s own judgement.
What is "Discretion"?
This person was the first female police officer in the United States.
Who is Alice Wells?
This goal of criminal justice has the aim of the fair treatment of people in the criminal justice system.
What is doing justice?
This type of policing was used during the Political Era of policing.
What is the Watchmen style of policing?
The US Constitution set our country up where the federal and state governments share power. This is known as a ___________________ type of government.
What is Federalism?
The most heinous of all felonies. First degree murder can result in this type of punishment.
What is a "capital felony"?
This group is charged with interpreting the constitution and applying it to cases they hear.
What is the Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS)?
The First Principle of Punishment
This era of policing was from 1970-present and used a proactive style of policing.
What is the Community Service era?
The US Constitution gave the government power to do these 3 things.
What are "Coin money", "Raise an army", and "Make treaties with foreign governments".
A plea of guilt to a criminal charge with the expectation of receiving a penalty lighter than formally warranted by the charge. More than 90% of cases end this way.
What is a "Plea Bargain"?
Today 1 in _____ police officers are non-caucasian.
What is 1 in 4?
This Principle of Punishment ensures there is not a huge difference in punishments for people who commit the same crime.
What is like offenses treated alike, taking into account reasonable differences?
This word Sherriff is derived from a combination of these two words.
What is "Shire" and "Reeves"?
What is the 5th Amendment?