AGENTS
What are your Blister Agents?
- Mustard (HD)
- Nitrogen Mustard (HN)
- Lewisite (L)
How do nerve agents act on the body?
Interferes with parasympathetic signals caused by Cholinesterase inhibitors
How do blistering agents present?
Large and painful blisters
delayed appearance
Tx for Choking agents
- Bed rest
- Treat symptoms as they appear
What is MOPP Zero?
Gear available, NOT carried
What is Section 113 titled?
Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) Defense Fundamentals
What are your choking agents?
- Phosgene (CG)
- Chlorine (Cl)
How do blister agents work?
They are vesicants that exert primary action on the skin that are incapacitating
What agent causes altered mental status and appears 30mins to hours after exposure
Incapacitating agents
Tx for incapacitating agents
- Keep victim safe
- Physostigmine
What is MOPP ready?
All gear worn, but mask is carried
What color does M9 detector tape turn?
Light pink to reddish brown or violet tint
What are your blood agents?
- Hydrocanic Acid (AC)
- Cyanogen Chloride (CK)
What are some physical characteristics of Lewisite?
- Arsenic based compound
- Light to dark brown and vaporizes slowly
Signs and symptoms for a choking agent
- Usually takes 2-6 hrs post-exposure
- Rapid, shallow, labored breathing
- Shock
Tx for HD and HN Blister agents
- Remove as much of the agent as possible from the skin
- Provide relief as symptoms appear
What is MOPP 1?
Garment worn
What do blood agents smell like?
Almonds
What are your Lacrimator agents?
- (CN)
- (CS)
How do blood agents work?
Interferes with enzyme functions and blocks O2 transfer
S/Sx of Nerve agents
- Pinpoint pupils
- Localized muscle twitching
- Hypersalivation
Tx for Lewisite Blister agent
- Sodium Sulfacetamide
- British Anti-Lewisite (BAL)
What is MOPP 2?
Garment and boots worn
What agent smells of fresh cut grass
Choking agents
What are your vomiting agents?
- DM
- DA
- DC
What are incapacitating agents comprised of?
They are Psychochemicals and have high potency that can last hours or days
How do Blood agents present?
Fast, deep breathes
seizures w/in 30 mins
death w/in minutes
varies by does & time
Tx for Blood agent
- Amyl Nitrate (ampules)
- Sodium Thiosulfate
What is MOPP 3?
Garment, boots, and mask worn
What are the physical characteristics of Mustard?
Oily, colorless or pale yellow liquids
What are the physical characteristics of nerve agents?
Odorless, almost colorless liquids, varying greatly in viscosity and volatility
How are vomiting agents dispersed?
Through aerosols and produce their effects by inhalation or by direct action on the eyes
What are S/Sx of Lacrimators?
Intense pain in the eyes with excessive tearing
Tx for Nerve agent
- 2mg Atropine and 600mg 2-PAM Cl
- 3 rounds of tx q15mins
- In a buddy care situation, treat yourself first
What is MOPP 4?
Garment, boots, mask, and gloves worn
What are your 3 levels of Decon and expound on each
Immediate- individual decon, skin, personnel wipe down, operator’s spray down, within 1 minute
Operational- Equipment and MOPP gear exchange. Vehicle wash down. Within 6 hours.
Thorough- Detailed troop decon, detailed eqpt decon, detailed aircraft decon. When the mission allows