What Era is That?
This era lasted from about 1400 to 1600.
Renaissance
Palestrina worked at this basilica in Rome.
St. Peter's Basilica
Bach is most closely linked with this instrument, which he was known for playing.
The organ
Haydn is called the "Father of the ___."
Symphony
Mozart's first music teacher was his father. This was his father's name.
Leopold
You learned this tune as a little kid, but Mozart dressed it up over and over on piano.
Twelve Variations on "Ah, vous dirai-je, maman" (the "Twinkle" Variations)
A play that is sung all the way through, with instruments.
Opera
This era's name comes from a Portuguese word for an oddly shaped pearl.
Baroque
Palestrina's music is a prime example of this: two or more independent melodies sung at the same time.
Polyphony
Bach died in this year, which marks the end of the Baroque period.
1750
Haydn's orchestra musicians gave him this nickname because he looked out for them.
"Papa Haydn"
This word means a child who has the skills of a trained adult.
Prodigy
A slow, sad Bach hymn, sung in English.
"O Sacred Head, Now Wounded"
A clear melody with chords underneath.
Homophony
In this era, the piano replaced the harpsichord, and music had one clear melody with chords underneath.
Classical
Palestrina wrote these three types of music, and all of them start with "M."
Masses, motets, and madrigals
Bach was a master of this: two or more melodies played against each other at the same time.
Counterpoint
Haydn had this personality trait, and it sometimes showed up in his music.
He liked to play jokes
Mozart was born in this city in Austria.
Salzburg
Don't doze off! Haydn's audience got a jolt in this one.
The "Surprise" Symphony
A solo song for one character in an opera.
Aria
Classical (Greek and Roman) learning, the printing press, and humanism were "reborn" in this era.
Renaissance
The title "Sicut cervus" means this.
"As the deer"
Bach's style helped set these for Western music: which notes and chords can move to others.
The "rules"
Haydn knew these two famous composers personally. One was his close friend and one was his student.
Mozart (friend) and Beethoven (student)
At 14, Mozart supposedly heard a secret choir piece in this famous Rome chapel and wrote it out from memory.
The Sistine Chapel
Four voices sing a cappella about an animal that longs for water.
"Sicut cervus"
A form where the main melody is played, then repeated with changes each time.
Theme and variation
The Enlightenment, the American Revolution, and the French Revolution all happened during this era.
Classical
This Mass "solved" a church problem by using polyphony while keeping the words clear.
The Pope Marcellus Mass
Bach's music is still studied today and has even influenced musicians in these two modern styles.
Rock and pop
This rich noble family were Haydn's patrons and gave him his own orchestra.
The Esterházy family
A legend says this rival composer poisoned Mozart, but there is no evidence for it.
Antonio Salieri
Strings only, no singing. This "little" piece was meant for the evening.
Eine kleine Nachtmusik ("A Little Night Music")
Light music to entertain at social events, first meant as an evening song.
Serenade