Name some of the challenges to life in mining camps.
Hard work, poor/little food, theft, no gold, and many others.
100
In what year was gold found in California rivers?
1848
100
Why did white miners kill and move the Native Americans off their land?
They wanted the land to mine for gold.
100
List at least 2 foreign countries immigrants came from during the gold rush.
China, Mexico, Chile
100
What was supposed to be the fastest route to the gold rush?
The Panema route
200
What mining tool used approximately 3 people work?
The cradle
200
What was John Marshall doing when he discovered gold?
Building a mill for John Sutter
200
Approximately how many Native Americans died between 1848 and 1868?
120,000
200
What did the Chinese Immigrants call California
Golden Mountain (Gam San)
200
Why do MUNI passes (clipper cards) have a picture of a ship on them?
It is a clipper ship and one of the types of ships people would take to the gold rush.
300
What were common forms of entertainment in mining camps
Gambling, cards, dancing
300
Who spread the word throughout San Francisco that gold had been discovered?
Sam Brannan
300
What were problems with the reservastions?
They were forced to live there, they were moved off their homelands, the food and resources might have been different, there were too many tribes crowded into small pieces of land (and other reasons).
300
What jobs did Chinese immigrants take besides mining?
Building the railroads, laundry, restaurants, grocers.
300
List some of the dangers of the Oregon Trail.
No food for the animals, no food for people, diseases, snow, heat, rivers, Native Americans.
400
This mud-like substance flooded towns and rivers when hydraulic cannons were used.
Slickens
400
In what river was gold discovered?
The American River
400
Why were white miners able to kill the Native Americans freely?
It was legal and supported by the California Government.
400
What was the most dangerous job Chinese railroad workers did?
They placed the dynamite in the mountainsides by being lowered in a basket down the mountain, lighting the dynamite, and then being lifted back up before it explodes.
400
About how long would it take to get to California by the Cape Horn route?
4-8 months.
500
What is the Mother Lode and where did the term come from?
It is the name of the California gold fields and it came from what Spanish speaking miners would call California.
500
Who was the president who announced to the country that gold had been discovered in California?
James Polk
500
What did the Act for the Government and Protection of Indians do?
Made it legal to take Native Americans who were on the street ("vagrants") and try them in court and then sell them into slavery as punishment.
500
Describe one of the laws against the Chinese Immigrants.
They were not allowed to bring their families.
They could not testify in court agains anyone who was white.
500
What were some of the dangers of the sea route to the Gold Rush?
Crashing into rocks, unsafe ships, not enough food, sea sickness, diseases, overcrowding