Cell Discovery
What invention in the late 1500s led to the discovery of cells? (specific)
The compound microscope
Which structure provides rigidity to plant cells?
Cell Wall
What organelle is unique to animal cells
Centrosomes
lysosomes
What is passive transport?
Movement of materials across a membrane without using energy
Large molecules that cannot pass through the phospholipid bilayer must pass through these.
transport proteins
First to observe living microorganisms with a microscope
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
What process occurs in the chloroplast?
Photosynthesis
List two organelles unique to plant cells not found in animals cells
chloroplast, cell wall, and large central vacuole
What is active transport?
Movement of materials across a membrane using energy
This property allows some things to enter/leave the cell, and blocks other things from doing so.
selective permeability
This man observed cork with his microscope and called the tiny boxes 'cells'
Robert Hooke
Generates energy for the cell by breaking down glucose
Mitochondria
List 3 features do prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells share
plasma membrane
Cell wall
cytoplasm
ribosomes
DNA
Which process describes the movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane?
Osmosis
The part of the phospholipid that 'loves' water
hydrophilic head
Which type of microscope provides the highest magnification and resolution?
Transmission electron microscope
Jelly-like substance that holds organelles in place
Cytoplasm
What type of cell is found in protists?
Eukaryotic
A hypertonic solution causes a cell to:
Lose water
Shrivel
Which type of microscope produces a three-dimensional image of a specimen’s surface?
Scanning electron microscope
What are the three principles of cell theory
1. All living things are made of cells.
2. Cells are the basic unit of life.
3. Cells only come from other cells.
What are the functions of the nucleus
Contains DNA and controls cell activities
List three differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
- Prokaryotic = no nucleus , DNA in cytoplasm
-Prokaryotic = unicellular , Eukaryotic = unicellular or multicellular
-Prokaryotic = simple , Eukaryotic = more complex
- Prokaryotic = Cell wall is generally present. , Eukaryotic = cell wall may be present or absent
The process of maintaining a stable internal environment is called
homeostasis
What is the full name of the "energy currency" used by cells to do active transport
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)