Earthquakes/Volcanoes
Subduction is when one plate goes under another plate. What causes this plate to go under the other plate?
volcanoes forced the magma to go underneath
Which of Earth layers is liquid and composed of iron and nickel?
Outer core
The region around the ______________ is called the Ring of Fire due to its earthquakes and volcanoes.
Pacific
True/False: As the tectonic plates move above a hotspot, they form a chain of volcanoes. The hotspot is below the youngest volcano in the chain and older volcanoes are found to the northwest. The older volcanoes are carried away from the hotspot as the plate continues to move.
True
Where are the tectonic plates located?
Lithosphere
Where are the tectonic plates located?
Mesosphere
True/False: Almost all earthquakes occur at plate boundaries and can occur at all boundary types. As the lithospheric plates move, due to conduction currents in Earth's mantle, stresses build on the rocks.
False
________________ is the most famous volcano island chain formed over a hotspot in the Pacific.
Hawaii
In December 2005, an earthquake happened off the coast of the Philippines. Thousands of people on the island died because of a giant wave. What was the giant wave?
P-wave
What is the point in the Earth at which an earthquake begins?
Core
Where do mountain ranges form?
Continental plates collide at convergent plate boundaries; Continent-Continent Plate Convergence
True/ False: Hotspots are found within continents, but not as commonly as within oceans. They are not common because it takes a massive mantle plume to penetrate the thick continental crust. Eruptions from these hotspots are common but massive.
False
What happens to older oceanic crust as new rock is formed during seafloor spreading?
it gets pushed under the mid-ocean ridge
Which of these did NOT provide evidence for continental drift?
Oceanic plate theory
A rock under enough stress will separate in what is known as a fracture. There is not always movement when a rock fractures; however, If there is movement the fracture is known as a _______.
Fault
__________________ National Monument was formed from a large hotspot beneath the continental crust.
Yosemite
Why do earthquakes occur near the San Andreas fault?
Which of the following sequences correctly lists the arrivals of seismic waves from soonest to latest?
P Waves < Surface Waves < S Waves
Since plates move over a spherical surface, zones of weakness are created. ______ earthquakes happen along these zones of weakness. The earthquakes may take place along ancient faults or rift zones.
Convergent
The first stage in creating a volcano is mantle rock melting. Remember that mantle may melt if
Water and pressure is removed