Causes of Exploration
This 1453 event disrupted European trade routes to Asia and pushed explorers to seek new paths.
What is the Fall of Constantinople?
This Italian explorer sailing for Spain reached the Caribbean and opened the door to Spanish colonization.
Who is Christopher Columbus?
This term describes one country establishing control over another region and its people.
What is colonialism?
The French most often formed alliances with these Indigenous nations in early New France.
Who are the Huron and Montagnais?
This global conflict was fought mainly between France and Britain in North America.
What is the Seven Years’ War?
After Constantinople fell, Europeans increasingly turned their attention to this ocean for trade and exploration.
What is the Atlantic Ocean?
This explorer claimed Newfoundland for England in 1497.
Who is John Cabot?
This economic system encouraged overseas trade, investment, and profit during European expansion.
What is capitalism?
Champlain fought alongside Indigenous allies against this rival confederacy.
Who are the Iroquois?
This heavily fortified French stronghold was captured by the British in 1758.
What is Louisbourg?
One major result of the Protestant Reformation was that colonization included this additional motivation.
What is spreading religious beliefs (Christianity)?
This French explorer founded Quebec City and acted as an administrator and cartographer for New France.
Who is Samuel de Champlain?
The belief that powerful nations should extend their influence through colonization and conquest is known as this.
What is imperialism?
This economic activity shaped settlement patterns, alliances, and conflict in New France.
What is the fur trade?
This 1759 battle outside Quebec City resulted in the deaths of both Wolfe and Montcalm.
What is the Battle of the Plains of Abraham?
Growing populations, unemployment, and poverty in European cities during the 1600s encouraged people to do this.
What is seek opportunities overseas (emigrate / explore / colonize)?
This explorer searched for a Northwest Passage and gave his name to a major river and bay.
Who is Henry Hudson?
The fur trade became economically important because European demand for this item was extremely high.
What is beaver pelts (fur for hats)?
French reliance on Indigenous knowledge for travel, trade, and survival shows the importance of this factor.
What is cooperation with Indigenous peoples?
After the fall of Quebec, the winter of 1759–1760 in the city was marked by this condition.
What is famine and disease?
The combination of wealth, power, and religion that drove European exploration reflects this broader historical process.
What is imperialism?
This empire sponsored Champlain’s settlement efforts and relied heavily on alliances with Indigenous nations.
What is France?
French success in the fur trade depended heavily on this relationship with Indigenous peoples.
What are trade and military alliances?
Disease, warfare, and European expansion dramatically altered Indigenous societies, demonstrating this major consequence of contact.
What is cultural and population loss (or devastating impact of colonization)?
This 1763 treaty officially transferred most of France’s North American territory to Britain.
What is the Treaty of Paris?