Patho/ Risk Factors
The nurse provides care for an older client with a diagnosis of cancer. the client is obese, has a history of smoking cigarettes, and drinks alcohol. which of the following is a non-modifiable risk factor?
a. advancing age
b. smoking tobacco
c. drinking alcohol
d. obesity
a. advancing age
2.The patient receiving treatment regimen of Doxorubicin has begun experiencing the side effect of alopecia. Which action should the nurse take to maintain the patients self-esteem?
a. tell the patient to limit social interactions until regrowth of the hair occurs
b. inform the patient that after chemotherapy regimen finishes hair usually grows back
c. give the patient references to local wig shops
d. teach patient to use mild shampoo and soap when showering
c. give the patient references to local wig shops
you are caring for a patient with esophageal cancer. Which task could be delegated to a UAP?
a. assisting the patient with oral hygiene
b. observing the patient's response to feedings
c. facilitating expression of grief or anxiety
d. initiating daily weighings
a. assisting the patient with oral hygiene
1. A client recently diagnosed with Multiple Myeloma is scheduled to receive their first dose of Cisplatin. Which of the following is a priority to include in patient education?
a. Maintain adequate fluid intake (at least 10-12 glasses per day)
b. Urine and tears may turn red in color
c. Liver function tests need to be done weekly
d. Increase protein intake while on this medication
a. Maintain adequate fluid intake (at least 10-12 glasses per day)
which intervention is most effective in promoting adequate nutrition for clients undergoing chemo and radiation treatments?
a. include clients when making meal and snack decisions
b. ensure that food is served hot
c. offer a salty snack every 2 hours
d. serve additional portions at mealtimes
a. include clients when making meal and snack decisions
The nurse provides health screenings on a group of clients. The nurse recognizes which individual is at greatest risk of developing skin cancer?
a. an adolescent client with dark skin that works as a lifeguard at a pool
b. an older, light skinned client who worked for 40 years as a roofer
c. a middle aged client with dark skin that swims daily at the gym
d. an adult client with light skin that works as a cashier
b. an older, light skinned client who worked for 40 years as a roofer
A nurse knows which is the most life threatening side effect of chemotherapy?
a. alopecia
b. nausea and vomiting
c. bone marrow suppression
d. mucositis
c. bone marrow suppression
1. You are the nurse caring for a patient who is undergoing brachytherapy. Which action by the Unlicensed Assistive Personnel (UAP) indicates need for intervention?
a. UAP places a “CAUTION Radioactive Material” sign on the door
b. UAP wears their dosimeter badge at all times when interacting with the client
c. UAP leaves the door open as they empty out the linen basket
d. UAP asks to trade assignments with another UAP that is not pregnant
c. UAP leaves the door open as they empty out the linen basket
a. remove ashtrays and lighters from view
b. expose yourself to places that temp you to smoke to test your resolve
c. make a list of reasons to stop smoking
d. discuss medications that curb cravings
c. make a list of reasons to stop smoking
the night before a lung biopsy, the patient asks the nurse "do you think i have cancer?" Which is the most appropriate response from the nurse?
a. its hard for me to tell. you will know more tomorrow
b. you shouldn't have smoked for so many years
c. several tests will be done to confirm that diagnosis
d. you sound worried about what they might find tomorrow
d. you sound worried about what they might find tomorrow
A normal cell growing in the wrong place at the wrong time. Grows by expansion but does NOT invade
a benign tumor cell
3. A patient with Stage 4 Colon cancer that has metastasized to the bones reports a pain level of 10/10. What priority finding causes the nurse to not administer the ordered PRN morphine every 4 hours ?
a. RR 10
b. no bowel movement reported for 5 days
c. patient received acetaminophen 30 minutes ago
d. patient has schedule morphine due in 1 hour
a. RR 10
The nurse provides care for a patient receiving chemotherapy. The patient's white blood cell count is very low. The nurse intervenes in the patient's care when which action is observed?
a. the patients family members wear masks while visiting the patient
b. the patient is placed in a private room
c. the patient's spouse removes the fresh flowers from the room
d. the UAP obtains the blood pressure using their personal stethoscope
d. the UAP obtains the blood pressure using their personal stethoscope
2. A cancer patient is admitted to your unit and placed on neutropenic precautions. As the nurse you need to intervene when what action is observed?
a. Fresh flowers are brought in by a family member
b. UAP brings in fresh linens and towels to the patient
c. Another nurse enters the room after putting on a surgical mask
d. A C. Diff positive patient has been assigned to a different nurse
a. Fresh flowers are brought in by a family member
a patient is scheduled for a total laryngectomy. the patient tells the nurse "i am so worried, i just cant help it!" which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
a. have you discussed your worries with your doctor?
b. what is your biggest worry at the moment?
c. everyone worries about surgery, especially if it is their first time going under
d. you have an amazing surgeon so there is nothing to worry about
b. what is your biggest worry at the moment?
Mr. Smith is diagnosed with lung cancer after presenting to the clinic with SOB, wheezing, and blood tinged sputum for the last 3 months and diagnostic testing to confirm. Which of these findings increased his risk of developing lung cancer? Select all that apply
Smoked 3 packs a day until quitting 7 years ago
Walks 3 miles a week
Family history of lung cancer
Rarely applies sunscreen before heading outdoors
Worked at the local grocery store in the meat department until 6 months ago
Smoked 3 packs a day until quitting 7 years ago
Family history of lung cancer
A 29 year old patient with Hodgkin’s Lymphoma presents to the ED with complaint of severe pain in right arm. Ulceration is noted upon examination. She has just finished a round of Doxorubicin 3 days ago. What is the priority action for the nurse to complete?
a. Check full set of VS
b. Apply a dressing over the ulceration
c. Apply a cool compress
d. Administer IV fluids
c. Apply a cool compress
When care assignments are being made for patients with alterations related to gastrointestinal (GI) cancer, which patient would be the most appropriate to assign to an LPN/LVN under the supervision of a team leader RN?
a. A patient with severe anemia secondary to GI bleeding
b. A patient who needs enemas and antibiotics to control GI bacteria
c. A patient who needs preoperative teaching for bowel resection surgery
d. A patient who needs central line insertion for chemotherapy
b. A patient who needs enemas and antibiotics to control GI bacteria
The home health nurse is providing education for a patient undergoing treatment for breast cancer. What is most important to include in the plan of care? select all that apply:
a. gently cleanse the irradiated area with mild soap and water
b. apply cream to the irradiated area daily
c. avoid exposure of the irradiated area to the sun
d. use a patting motion to dry the irradiated area
e. wear tight, heavy clothing to protect the area
a. gently cleanse the irradiated area with mild soap and water
c. avoid exposure of the irradiated area to the sun
d. use a patting motion to dry the irradiated area
Ondansetron 6mg PO is prescribed for a patient undergoing chemotherapy. the nurse knows which time is most appropriate to administer this medication?
a. one hour after chemotherapy
b. 30 minutes before chemotherapy
c. first thing in the morning
d. when the patient reports nausea
b. 30 minutes before chemotherapy
The nurse recognizes which sign as an indicator of laryngeal cancer?
a. excessive drooling
b. blood streaked sputum
c. Jaundice
d. difficulty swallowing
d. difficulty swallowing
a patient experiences numbness and decreased sensation in both lower extremities while taking vinblastine. the nurse instructs the patient to take which action?
a. soak both legs in hot water twice a day
b. increase walking times to 30 mins, three times a week
c. walk with a broad-based gait
d. elevate legs while sitting
c. walk with a broad-based gait
a community health center is preparing a presentation on the prevention and detection of cancer. which health care professional (RN, LVN/LPN, nurse practitioner, nutritionist) should be assigned responsibility for the following tasks?
1. explain screening examinations and diagnostics for common cancers
2. discuss how to plan a balanced diet and reduce fats and preservatives
3. prepare a poster on the seven warning signs of cancer
4. discuss how to perform breast or testicular self-examinations
5. describe strategies for reducing risk factors such as smoking and obesity
1. NP
2. nutritionist
3. LVN/LPN
4. NP
5. RN
The nurse instructs the chemotherapy patient on how to avoid injury due to bone marrow suppression. the nurse intervenes if which observation is made?
a. the patient takes aspirin for arthritis pain
b. the patient uses an electric razor to shave
c. the patient blows their nose gently
d. the patient reports adding fiber to their diet
a. the patient takes aspirin for arthritis pain
the nurse provides care for a post-op Whipple patient. The nurse is most concerned when which observation is made?
a. there is clear, colorless bile-tinged drainage from the NG tube
b. the NG tube is connected to low pressure suction
c. the client is lying in a semi-fowlers position
d. the abdomen is slightly distended and the patient has nausea
a. there is clear, colorless bile-tinged drainage from the NG tube