DEFINITION
What is cancer?
A disease where abnormal cells grow uncontrollably and can spread to other parts of the body.
What causes cancer at the cellular level?
DNA mutations that disrupt normal cell growth.
Name one lifestyle factor that increases cancer risk.
Smoking
What’s one way to protect your skin from cancer?
Use sunscreen and avoid tanning beds.
Name a common symptom of cancer.
Unusual lump or swelling.
True or False: All cancers are the same.
False. There are over 100 types of cancer.
Can viruses cause cancer?
Yes. Ex: HPV can cause cervical cancer.
Does age increase cancer risk?
Yes, cancer is more common in older adults.
How can the HPV vaccine prevent cancer?
It protects against a virus linked to several cancers.
What’s a symptom that might be ignored?
Persistent fatigue.
What does “malignant” mean?
Cancerous; can invade nearby tissues and spread.
How can environmental pollution cause cancer?
Toxins in air or water can damage DNA over time.
True or False: Only people with unhealthy habits get cancer.
False. Cancer can affect anyone, even healthy individuals.
How does regular exercise help prevent cancer?
It reduces inflammation and boosts the immune system.
True or False: All cancers cause pain early on.
False. Some don’t show any pain until they’re advanced.
What is a “tumor”?
A mass of tissue formed by abnormal cell growth.
Can cancer be caused by inherited genes?
Yes, some people inherit mutations that increase their risk.
How does obesity raise cancer risk?
It can lead to hormone imbalances and inflammation.
Name one screening test that helps catch cancer early
Mammogram (for breast cancer), colonoscopy (colon cancer), etc.
What symptom might point to colon cancer?
Blood in stool or changes in bowel habits.
What’s the difference between benign and malignant tumors?
Benign tumors don’t spread; malignant ones can invade other tissues.
How does long-term inflammation contribute to cancer?
It can lead to DNA damage and promote cancer cell growth.
Name three major risk factors for cancer.
Examples: Smoking, UV exposure, family history.
True or False: Avoiding tobacco is the #1 way to reduce cancer risk.
True
Name four possible warning signs of cancer.
Lump, unexplained weight loss, changes in skin, ongoing cough, etc.