Cell Cycle
What is the name of the process in which a cell grows, replicates DNA, and divides?
The cell cycle
During which phase do chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?
Metaphase
What is one half of a duplicated chromosome called?
Chromatid
What disease is caused by uncontrolled cell division?
Cancer
What cancer treatment uses drugs to kill rapidly dividing cells?
During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?
S phase
During which phase do sister chromatids separate?
Anaphase
What structure holds sister chromatids together?
Centromere
What is a mass of abnormal cells called?
A tumor
What treatment uses high energy radiation to destroy cancer cells?
Radiation therapy
What are the three stages of interphase in order?
During which phase do chromosomes condense and become visible?
Prophase
How many chromosomes do humans have in most body cells?
46
What is the term for cancer spreading to other parts of the body?
Metastasis
What treatment helps the immune system recognize and attack cancer cells?
Immunotherapy
What is the purpose of checkpoints in the cell cycle?
To ensure the cell is ready to divide and that DNA is not damaged.
During which phase do two nuclei form?
Telophase
After DNA replication, each chromosome is made of what?
Two sister chromatids
What type of tumor does not spread to other parts of the body?
Benign tumor
What treatment stops tumors from forming new blood vessels needed for growth?
Angiogenesis inhibition
What process occurs after mitosis and divides the cytoplasm into two cells?
Cytokinesis
What structures attach to chromosomes and pull chromatids apart during mitosis?
What molecule carries genetic information in chromosomes?
DNA
What type of tumor invades tissues and spreads throughout the body?
Malignant tumor
Why are chemotherapy drugs effective at killing cancer cells but also cause side effects like hair loss?