Radiation &
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy
What is Radiation Therapy?
This group interferes with cell division - mitosis
What is the mechanism of action of Mitotic inhibitors?
Feminine and masculinizing effects
What are major side-effects of Hormone Manipulation medications (Agonists, Antagonists, Inhibitors)?
Methotrexate (Mexate), Floxuridine (FUDR)
What are examples of Antimetabolites?
Systemic treatment that damages DNA and interferes with cell division and cellular regulation.
What is Chemotherapy?
Damages the cell's DNA and interrupts DNA &/or RNA synthesis
What is the mechanism of action of Antineoplastic Antibiotics?
Cholinergic Diarrhea
What is a major side-effect of Topoisomerase Inhibitors?
Mesna (Mesnex), Filgrastim (Neupogen), Epoetin (Procrit)
What are examples of Biological Response Modifiers?
Alopecia, altered taste, anorexia, inflammatory & reproductive changes, bone marrow suppression.
What are side effects of Radiation therapy?
Creates a counterfeit metabolite that tricks the cancer cell into using it for cellular division, because it is a counterfeit, it prevents synthesis from occurring.
What is the method of action of Antimetabolites?
Ototoxicity
What is a major side-effect of Antineoplastic Antibiotics?
Cyclophosphamide, Cisplatin, Busulfan
What are examples of Alkylating agents?
No pregnant caregivers, limit number of client's one RN takes care of daily, limit amount of time in client's room, do not touch radioactive isotropes
What are important nursing precautions when caring for a client receiving internal radiation?
Disrupt enzyme needed for DNA synthesis & cell division causing DNA to break and cell death
What is the mechanism of action of Topoisomerase Inhibitors?
Peripheral neuropathy
What is a major side-effect of Mitotic Inhibitors?
Megestrol (Megace), Testolactone (Teslac)
What are examples of Hormone Agonists?
I am the preferred route for intravenous infusion of chemotherapy.
What is a Central line?
Work against the hormone causing the cancer and binds with specific hormone receptors inhibiting the ability to bind to the true hormone receptor
What is the mechanism of action of Hormone Antagonists?
Hemorrhagic Cystitis
What is the major side effect of Alkylating Agents?
Vinblastine (Velban), Vincristine (Oncovin)
What are examples of Mitotic Inhibitors?
Implantation or insertion of radioactive material directly into tumor or in close proximity
What is Brachytherapy
Produced by B lymphocytes and bind to specific target antigens making it non-functional
What is the mechanism of action of Monoclonal antibodies?
Chills, fever, malaise, HA, N/V, confusion, poor concentration, dizziness
What are major side-effects of Interferons?
Tamoxifen (Nolvadex), Flutamide (Eulexin)
What are examples of Hormone Antaganists?