Dopamine
Examples of processes dopamine is involved in?
Movement, executive functions, neuroendocrine control, and reward motivation.
A cannabinoid known for its psychotic and anxiogenic properties
THC
What is the risk rate of adolescents becoming addicted to marijuana
16-17%
CB1 receptor density returns to normal levels in all regions of the brain except this one
Hippocampus
CB2 Receptors exist mostly where
Immune Tissue
How many major dopaminergic pathways
4
A severe mental condition in which thought and emotions are so affected that contact is lost with external reality.
Psychosis
What is the evolutionary aspect to adolescents taking risks
To successfully leave the comfort of their parent’s home and create a life on their own
Decreased VT (distribution volume) leads to ____ of CB1 receptors
Downregulation
Both CB1 and CB2 are GPCRs (True or False)
True
The endocannabinoid system acts through this type of signalling
Retrograde signalling
What percent of all psychosis, schizophrenia, and schizophreniform cases involve Cannabis
50%
An insulin-like protein, which regulates growth, development and maintenance of sympathetic and embryonic sensory neurons.
Nerve growth factor (NGF)
Specifically, the ____ hippocampal volume is related to cumulative cannabis exposure
What type of agonist is THC to CB1 and CB2 receptors
partial agonist
GABA Inhibition leads to this type of suppression:
Depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition
A mechanism that can potentially generate a positive feedback loop in efforts to reducing anxiety
Receptor downregulation
Plays an important role in neuronal survival and growth, serves as a neurotransmitter modulator, and participates in neuronal plasticity, which is essential for learning and memory.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)
Smaller VT (distribution) is associated with ____ duration of usage
Longer
How does CBD reduce inflammation
CBD decreases oxidative stress and systemic inflammation by acting as an antioxidant.
What area of the brain that originates the mesocorticolimbic pathway?
Ventral Tegmental Pathway
An influential structure (in the brain) for initiating anxiety-like responses
Basolateral Amygdala
What are the three side effect modifications of marijuana consumption that occur in adolescents
Less impairment in memory
Greater impaired inhibition
Less craving reduction after intoxication
3 reasons for variability in structural change findings
Heterogeneous definitions, different sampling populations, different imaging techniques and methodologies
THC acts on which areas to reduce pain?
For analgesic (reducing pain) would be areas related to spinal cord and brainstem
example of a specific area: rostral ventromedial medulla