Fundamentals of Inclusion
An educational philosophy that all students should be educated in the general education classroom.
What is Inclusion?
The events, stimuli, objects, actions, and activities that precede and trigger a problem behavior
What is an Antecedent?
a process for planning units of instruction and individual lessons by which you first determine the assessments you will use to evaluate your students’ learning
What is backward design?
are typically used with English language learners, are designed to minimize the extent to which students’ language proficiency affects their test performance.
What are Linguistically based testing accommodations?
One teacher instructs the whole class while the other teacher circulates to collect information on students’ performance or to offer support, redirection, and enrichment to individual students.
What is one teach, one help?
Students with disabilities should be educated as much as possible with their peers without disabilites.
What is Least Restrictive Environment?
Involves collaborating with others to identify and define the problem behavior, record the behavior using an observational recording system, obtain more information about the student and the behavior, perform an A-B-C analysis, analyze the data and develop hypothesis statements, consider sociocultural factors, and develop and evaluate a behavioral intervention plan.
What is a Functional Behavior Assessment?
allow you to differentiate your assessments to meet the strengths and challenges of individual students
What is Tiered Assignments?
This means that the testing accommodations selected for your students with disabilities should boost their performance and, if used by their classmates, should have a minimal impact on their classmates’ test performance
What is differential boost?
Both teachers plan and teach the lesson together to the whole class and blend their content knowledge, perspective, and instructional, assessment, and management
What is Team Teaching?
A document that provides students with disabilities fair access to inclusive classrooms and a general education curriculum
What is an IEP
A collaborative data-based decision-making process for establishing and implementing a continuum of schoolwide and individualized research-based and culturally responsive instructional and behavioral strategies and services that are available and used to support the learning, positive behavior, and safety of all students.
What is School Wide Positive Behavior Interventions and Support?
students are given lessons in the same curricular areas as their peers but at varying levels of difficulty
What is multi-level teaching?
refers to the use of test items whose correct answers require students to answer preceding questions correctly.
What is hinging?
Both teachers teach the same material at the same time to two equal groups of students.
What is Parallel Teaching?
Focusing on what students can do, using these strengths to deliver a differentiated educational program that supports their inclusion, learning, socialization, participation, and growth and that maximizes their abilities.
What is a Competency-Oriented Approach?
This assessment involves analyzing the critical features of the learning environment and the key skills that affect student academic, behavioral, and social performance
What is an ecological assessment
involves teaching a diverse group of students individualized skills from different curricular areas
What is curriculum overlapping?
is a progress-monitoring strategy that provides individualized, brief direct, and repeated measures of students’ proficiency and progress across the curriculum
What is a curriculum based assessment?
Both teachers teach different content or review that content or use different learning activities at the same time to two equal groups of students. As appropriate, they then may switch groups and repeat the lesson. There also may be a third station for independent activities
What is Station Teaching?
The language skills that relate to literacy, cognitive development, and academic development in the classroom
What is Cognitive/ Academic Language Proficiency?
The four steps in the model are (1) ecological assessment, (2) intervention and preparation, (3) generalization to the new setting, and (4) evaluation in the new environment.
What is Transenvironmental Programming?
asking students to read a selection silently, summarize it, discuss and clarify problem areas and unclear vocabulary, use questions to check understanding, and give students the opportunity to predict future content. After you model these strategies, students take the role of the teacher while you provide help through prompting, instructing, modifying the activity , praising students , and offering corrective feedback.
What is Reciprocal Teaching?
In this system, grading is based on student mastery on a range of assessments measuring learning objectives aligned to content curricular standards. Students are given multiple options and opportunities to demonstrate their proficiency.
What is standards based grading system?
One teacher works with a smaller group or individual students while the other teacher works with a larger group.
What is Alternative Teaching?